**3.7 Refractory NCSE**

Thirty-two percent of patients with NCSE (n = 21, m 13, f 8) suffered from refractory NCSE, defined as seizures lasting more than 60 minutes with failure of two ASDs [37]; they received the following treatment: midazolam IV (n = 10), propofol (n = 5), thiopental (n = 4), and fentanyl (n = 2). Fifty-seven percent (n = 12, m 8, f 4) survived; forty-three percent (n = 9, m 5, f 4) died with the following reasons: cardiac arrest (3), sepsis (3), ischemia (1), subarachnoid hemorrhage (1), and cerebral abscess (1). Only 33% (n = 7, m 4, f 3) recovered completely.
