**Thanks**

Special thanks to Dr. Haruko Ogawa from Ohcanomizu University for advices on identification of α-amylase-binding proteins and other experiments in this study. Thanks to Dr. Nana Kawasaki from National Institute of Health Sciences for LC– MS/MS analysis and database search. Thanks to Dr. Ayano Satoh from Okayama University for advices on Caco-2 cell culture. Thanks to Dr. Tomomi Yamazaki for advices on identification of α-amylase isoforms and measurement of mRNA expression by real-time PCR. Thanks to Katherine Ono for editing the English.
