**Author details**

Shinji Koba1,2,3\*, Tetsuya Takao4 , Fumiko Shimizu4 , Mutsumi Ogawa4 , Yuuya Yokota1 , Fumiyoshi Tsunoda1 , Ken Arai1 , Toshiro Shinke1 and Akikazu Takada5

1 The Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

2 The Department of Perioperative Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan

3 Showa University Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan

4 Faculty of Human Life and Environmental Sciences, Showa Women's University, Tokyo, Japan

5 The International Projects on Food and Health (NPO), Tokyo, Japan

\*Address all correspondence to: skoba@med.showa-u.ac.jp

© 2020 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

**167**

*Significance of Trans Fatty Acids and Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Japanese Men with Coronary…*

for prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases 2017. Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis.

[10] Liska DJ, Cook CM, Wang DD, Gaine PC, Baer DJ. Trans fatty acids and cholesterol levels: An evidence map of the available science. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 2016;**98**:269-281

[11] Stender S, Astrup A, Dyerberg J. Ruminant and industrially produced trans fatty acids: Health aspects. Food &

[12] Mensink RP, Katan MB. Effect of dietary trans fatty acids on highdensity and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in healthy subjects. The New England Journal of Medicine.

[13] Adachi H. Trans fatty acid and coronary artery disease- lessons from seven countries study. Circulation Journal. 2015;**79**:1902-1903

[14] Sebedio JL, Chardigny JM.

[15] Mori K, Ishida T, Yasuda T, Hasokawa M, et al. Serum trans-fatty acid concentration is elevated in young patients with coronary artery disease in Japan. Circulation Journal.

[16] Nagasawa Y, Shinke T, Toh R, Ishida T, et al. The impact of serum trans fatty acids concentration on plaque vulnerability in patients with coronary artery disease: Assessment via optical coherence tomography. Atherosclerosis.

[17] Koba S, Takao T, Shimizu F, Ogawa M, et al. Comparison of plasma levels of different species of trans fatty

2015;**79**:2017-2025

2017;**265**:312-317

Physiological effects of trans and cyclic fatty acids. In: Perkins EG, editor. Deep Frying. Chapter 9. 1996. pp. 183-209

Nutrition Research. 2008;**52**

1990;**323**:439-445

2018;**25**:846-984

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93357*

[1] Baum S, Kris Etherton P, Willett W, Lichtenstein A, Rudel L, Maki K, et al. Fatty acids in cardiovascular health and disease: A comprehensive update.

[2] Superko HR, Superko SM, Nasir K, Agatston A, Garrett BC. Omega-3 fatty acid blood levels: Clinical significance

Journal of Clinical Lipidology.

and controversy. Circulation.

[3] Harris WS, Von Schacky C. The Omega-3 index: A new risk factor for death from coronary heart disease? Preventive Medicine. 2004;**39**:212-220

[4] Harris WS. The Omega-6:Omega-3

ratio: A critical appraisal and possible successor. Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Essential Fatty Acids.

[5] Harris W, Shearer G. Omega-6 fatty acids and cardiovascular disease: Friend, not foe? Circulation.

[6] Sala A, Proschak E, Steinhilber D, Rovati GE. Two-pronged approach to anti-inflammatory therapy through the modulation of the arachidonic acid cascade. Biochemical Pharmacology.

[7] Chowdhury R, Warnakula S,

Medicine. 2014;**160**:398-406

[9] Kinoshita M, Yokote K,

[8] Lichtenstein AH. Dietary trans fatty acids and cardiovascular disease risk: Past and present. Current Atherosclerosis Reports. 2014;**16**:433

Arai H, Iida M, Ishigaki Y, et al. Japan atherosclerosis society (JAS) guidelines

Kunutsor S, et al. Association of dietary, circulating, and supplement fatty acids with coronary risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Annals of Internal

**References**

2012;**6**:216-234

2013;**128**:2154-2161

2018;**132**:34-40

2014;**130**:1562-1564

2018;**158**:161-173

*Significance of Trans Fatty Acids and Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Japanese Men with Coronary… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93357*
