**Acronyms and abbreviations**

*Malaria*

control subjects [110].

**7. Conclusions**

logical therapies are provided.

**Acknowledgements**

**Conflict of interest**

Rafael Nuñez.

None.

Some phenomena have been associated with the deficiency of pyruvate kinase and infected erythrocytes, such as those established by the pleiotropic effect of the enzyme deficiency in the invasion of the parasite, which favors a substantial reduction of the growth of these and in the same way observes the activation of processes such as phagocytosis of infected erythrocytes in the ring stage that can provide protection against malaria, either by causing a reduction in the parasite burden or by reducing the number of erythrocytes infected with parasites in the trophozoites stages and schizonts that are available to join microvascular beds of vital organs [108]. These result in a reduced level of invasion of *P. falciparum* and erythrocytes of subjects with homozygous mutations. We also indicated that the possible biochemical differences in the intracellular medium, including the accumulation of glycolytic metabolic intermediates, did not cause a difference in the growth of parasites in erythrocytes between homozygotes and heterozygotes [109, 110]. To know even more the hypotheses of the reduction of the invasion observed in the erythrocytes of the subjects with homozygous mutations, it is also due to the capacity of the parasite, including the altered development of merozoites, the invasion of erythrocytes by merozoites was examined. It has been observed that the erythrocyte-tale merozoites had normal levels of invasion and replication in the erythrocytes of the

We examined the phagocytic uptake of infected erythrocytes with *P. falciparum* (ring phase and mature phase) of case and control matter. Phagocytosis of infected erythrocytes in the ring stage of patients with homozygous mutations was higher than phagocytosis of uninfected erythrocytes. Also, an increased clearance has been observed by macrophages of erythrocytes infected in the ring stage of the parasite

Finally, it has led to establish that infected erythrocytes under this condition had a greater phagocytic phenomenon related to the development and deposition of

Malaria for years has been a study approach for scientists in the approach to the structural and functional study of the constituent proteins of the etiological agent, *Plasmodium falciparum*. A description of important proteins of the parasite has been established, as well as an approach of the main experimental studies that try to explain the molecular basis of each of the main erythrocyte polymorphisms shows a direct and significant resistance against the development of the parasite, and in this way, structural supports and detailed knowledge of some of these polymorphic modifications that show a complete field of study that will lead to the increasingly broad development of new tools for the compression and search for new pharmaco-

The author thanks University of Cartagena and Universitary Corporation

derivatives and heterozygotes for the PKLR mutation [108, 110].

hemichromes, IgG, and complement C3c [111, 112].

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