*City Phenomenon between Urban Structure and Composition DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90443*

neighborhood), when its own architecture is important and, on the other, in the remote context, when the silhouette is important, the architectural-urbanistic "cut." Already there is a disjunction, in the judgment it was referring to, which imposes the option for a priority in evaluating such a presence in the urban space. The transformation of the static approach form of the dynamic approach is not arbitrated by elevation, especially when it comes to an important building. The elevation is real in its volume and presence, but it is unreal in its image. According to Kevin Lynch, in urban imaging mechanism, it is required to include the building in context, which is represented by:

• Visible points

*Sustainability in Urban Planning and Design*

citizens.

**Figure 6.**

which it is interested in:

the image)

• The color

• The dimensions and characteristics

• The linearity of the myth (exists or not)

• The positive aspects that they generate—economic activities (commercial, industrial), transport and telecommunications infrastructure (increasingly developed), and good quality of urban services. All this has the effect, ultimately, of creating new jobs and determines an increased quality of life of the

*The persistence of the structural element in the urban image "Ulm Minster, Germany."*

• The negative effects it implies for the environment (increasing air pollution, but also noise pollution—mainly due to heavy traffic, diminishing green spaces in favor of the construction, or implantation of new businesses) and for a large

The objectives on the site—the comment is carried out on the characteristics of

• The building form which in a certain picture constitutes an image—an object with an important character in the image—of average performance—frame

• The characteristic of the environment processing (the volume accents in

The role of architectural composition, through its complex activities, is to create the framework material, of the organized space, with a view to satisfy the material and spiritual needs of the person and society [25]. Tall buildings are neither an object of love nor an object of hatred; they are necessary objects in the urban composition, and thus they are subject to a court of architectural value and a court of urban value. In the drawings of Ulm Minster, Ulm, Germany (161.5 m), the tallest cathedral in the world, for example, churches are presented to us with a silhouette in which the churches, unique in size, were still "tall buildings," having a meaning, although not one could speak of an urban composition. In the modern city, the tall building must be considered, on the one hand, in the immediate context (adjacent

part of the urban population (IE about social inequities) [21, 24].

the objective but also of the environment of the site such as:

• Characteristics regarding volume, color, silhouette, size, etc.

**22**

• The places where the building can be viewed

Space perception is the procedure through which humans and other creatures become alert of the relative locations of their individual bodies and objects around them. It offers indications, such as depth and distance, which are important for movement and orientation to the environment (**Figures 7**, **8**).

In this domain it is required to take in evidence:


The observatory is characterized by:


Every city has a form, called an urban form (plan metric image or top view), expressing in a geometric configuration of urban distribution, social relations, and ideological hierarchies [26]. The urban form is physically expressed through the urban structure, both are historically determined, and they are formed by a succession of reactions and evolutions starting from a previous state.

	- The view from that is performed under particular conditions (e.g. the terraces at the last levels of the skyscraper—Sears Tower, Chicago—above the city—fabulous)—from the level of the bird's flight—it is a perception that has a philosophical meaning, demiurgic, "divine look."

**Figure 7.** *The connection between observation position and image impression.*

#### **Figure 8.**

*Relationship system that physically defines the urban relationship.*


## **7.2 City images and structural element**

A structural element represents the factor motor to creating a consistent city image, which creates an equilibrate urban image by relationships and proportions.

The structural element can be as follows:

#### *7.2.1 City image with one structural element*

It dominates the city silhouette, with convenient effective distances required for acting positively in a city configuration.

During the preparation of the plans, regardless of what power or even the landmark will reflect, it must be understood that it is an element and a device that will orientate the development [27] (**Figure 9**).

**25**

**Figure 10.**

*City Phenomenon between Urban Structure and Composition*

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90443*

*7.2.2 City image with two structural elements*

*Urban image with one structural element.*

(1, 2) working, harmonious, see **Figure 10**.

*7.2.3 City image with many structural elements*

the city image (**Figure 11**).

**Figure 9.**

**7.3 Dynamic city image**

the following aspects:

relate with each other.

*Urban image with two structural elements.*

There appear two dominant elements in city image. The effectiveness of viewer distance that can labour harmoniously with the city silhouette. The structural field of the building systems which can be positive or negative. The structural elements

The city can contain many structural elements that collaborate together to create

Several structural fields create unity throughout an integrated urban image.

This image is used in descriptions. It refers to the movement, creating at the same time different emotions and moods for the reader. The integrate image configuration is dominant and has to work as an organic unit. The city silhouette has to be presented creatively and unitary [28]. The urban design takes into consideration

• Urban structure: How places are positioned together and how the parts inter-

The distance between two different architectural dominant elements.

*City Phenomenon between Urban Structure and Composition DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90443*

**Figure 9.** *Urban image with one structural element.*

*Sustainability in Urban Planning and Design*

• Bottom view is typical

object, etc. or on the contrary) [27].

*Relationship system that physically defines the urban relationship.*

*The connection between observation position and image impression.*

The structural element can be as follows:

will orientate the development [27] (**Figure 9**).

*7.2.1 City image with one structural element*

acting positively in a city configuration.

**7.2 City images and structural element**

registration.

**Figure 8.**

**Figure 7.**

• Look—a process actually determined physically. It is not reduced to front

b.Vision is beyond the physical process of gazing. It also associates the mental processing of the physically determined ones; it is completed by understanding, reporting, learning, and rejection (when you like a certain thing, architectural

A structural element represents the factor motor to creating a consistent city image, which creates an equilibrate urban image by relationships and proportions.

It dominates the city silhouette, with convenient effective distances required for

During the preparation of the plans, regardless of what power or even the landmark will reflect, it must be understood that it is an element and a device that

**24**
