**7. Conclusion**

In this chapter, reshaping urban mobility was discussed in a transportation engineering point of view with a special focus on automation. The main contribution of the chapter was the description of transportation modes and current mobility services, as well as the detailing alteration in urban mobility. Moreover, planning principles of such mobility services and MaaS as a concept was overviewed, and the impacts of alteration were summarized.

The border between the individual and public transportation modes is blurring. Novel shared and on-demand, so-called transitional transportation modes are spreading in cities which can provide similar service level as individual car use but in a more efficient way as either the vehicle in time or the seats are shared.

New mobility services based on AVs are expected soon. We found that the transitional transportation modes and, even more, most of the individual car use can be replaced by a new, shared, demand-driven mobility service based on small capacity AVs which is accessible only with advance ordering via a mobile application. However, we highlighted that as the capacity of the built infrastructure is limited, the travel demands can be served efficiently only by shared and feeder mobility services. Additionally, promotion of walking, public transportation, and/ or micromobility use is also required. Mobility-as-a-Service concept contributes to achieving these aims. Moreover, the shared use of vehicles causes significant alteration in cities, e.g., the function of public places alters.

Since the current shared services are novel, and the mobility services based on AVs are at the very early stage, only assumptions can be made about the impacts. Considering the user expectations during the planning of these services is inevitable. In that way, the acceptance and adoption of new services can be facilitated.

Possible future intentions are to be the elaboration of novel, complex evaluation and comparison methods for mobility services. The evaluation covers service quality, flexibility, features of integrity and automation, as well as customization. Furthermore, planning and operational methods of mobility services based on AVs are to be developed, and travelers' expectations are to be analyzed.
