**3.1 Autopsy protocol of child**

A protocol is a signed document containing a written record which serves as proof of something. Autopsy protocol is used in two basic forms:


A numerical protocol is always better to sum up procedures to be followed at autopsy. It is a checklist of sorts and makes the work of the autopsy surgeon more easy and orderly [3].


3.A summary or the documents related to the case in order of time sequence.


The relatives should identify the body, and radiological examination should be done prior to autopsy. Whole-body radiographs (anteroposterior and lateral) are taken. Photographs of the external features—frontal pictures of the entire body and close-ups of the face and side of the head, as well as, any other unusual aspects are taken [4].

It is best to follow standard guidelines or protocols methodically in each case, whether they be national or have been produced locally as required. In this way, mistakes of omission will be avoided. Although the basic autopsy varies little, there are various special investigations that may or may not be necessary, depending on the particular case. Foetal/infant autopsies are having a slightly different protocol than adult autopsies as findings of the umbilicus and the cord, the placenta, scalp hairs, lanugo hairs, nails & their length, skin colour & texture, scrotal sac wrinkling, as well as specific foetal measurements of the head, chest and abdominal circumference are to be noted.

#### **3.2 Pathology encountered at autopsy**

Amniotic infection sequence, oligohydramnios, growth restriction: symmetric, asymmetric (nutritional), viral/protozoal infection (CMV, Parvovirus, toxoplasmosis, other), congenital malformation (all systems), hydrops foetalis, foetal

akinesia sequence, placental and umbilical cord disease, changes in the baby and placenta secondary to intrauterine death.
