**4. Discussion**

*Quality of Life - Biopsychosocial Perspectives*

**neutral attitude, dissatisfied**

**Sport active and sport inactive girls and the SWLS category: satisfied,** 

**Frequency (n)**

**Percent (%)**

The largest number of satisfied boys was sport active boys. They were 39.74% more satisfied than sport inactive boys. Slightly more dissatisfied (0.66%) were sport inactive boys than sport active boys. Sport active and sport inactive boys had the same number in terms of neutral attitude to global satisfaction

*The frequency (n) and the percentage (%) of sport active and sport inactive girls in SWLS categories.*

Sport inactive girls took the first place in satisfaction with life (**Table 15**). They were slightly more satisfied than sport active girls (0.52%). More dissatisfied were sport inactive girls (5.66%) than sport active girls. Sport active and sport inactive girls had the same number in terms of neutral attitude to global

Sport inactive girl satisfied 60 30.93 Sport active girl satisfied 59 30.41 Sport inactive girl dissatisfied 38 19.58 Sport active girl dissatisfied 27 13.92 Sport active girl neutral attitude 5 2.58 Sport inactive girl neutral attitude 5 2.58 Total 194 100

Pearson's correlation was run to assess the relationship between domain global satisfaction with life and the domain quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction and

Emotions and feelings and the domain global satisfaction with life, r = 0.739, p < 0.001, with emotions and feelings—explaining 55% of the variation in the

The domain quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction and the domain global satisfaction with life, r = 0.657, p < 0.001, with the domain quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction explaining 43% of the variation in the domain global satisfac-

Taking care of yourself and the domain global satisfaction with life, r = 0.680, p < 0.001, with taking care of yourself—explaining 46% of the variation in the

r = 0.543, p < 0.001, with the physical health and activity explaining 30% of the

Social relations and the domain global satisfaction with life, r = 0.463, p < 0.001, with the social relations explaining 21% of the variation in the domain global

Leisure time activities and the domain global satisfaction with life, r = 0.423, p < 0.001, with the leisure time activities explaining 18% of the variation in the

school duties explaining 7% of the variation in the domain global satisfaction

School environment and school duties and the domain global satisfaction with life, r = 0.259, p < 0.001, with the school environment and

Physical health and activity and the domain global satisfaction with life,

**134**

with life.

with life.

**Table 15.**

satisfaction with life.

tion with life.

satisfaction with life.

its areas in 345 adolescents.

There was a strong positive correlation between:

variation in the domain global satisfaction with life.

domain global satisfaction with life.

domain global satisfaction with life.

domain global satisfaction with life.

This study examined the domain quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction with its areas and the domain global satisfaction with life with its items in sport active and sport inactive adolescent boys and girls. It is very important to measure the subjective dimensions of the quality of children's lives. Children and youth are the future of all nations. There are more than 3.2 billion of the world population under 24 years of age (about 42%; 26% children in the age 0–14 and 16% children and youth in the age 15–24) [83].

Emotional well-being in [57] publication shows the overall balance between frequency of experienced positive and negative emotions, with higher scores presented for positive emotions. Positive emotions are felt more often than negative ones. Exercising brings positive emotions, provides serious benefits in mental health, and leads to a happier life. Exercise releases endorphins, and because of them the feelings of happiness occur. There is growing recognition in society presented by [27] that measures of subjective well-being directly index evaluations and feelings associated with the quality of life, and we have confirmed this in our research with the correlation coefficient, which shows that the emotions and feelings explained 81% of the variation in quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction.

The specific aspects of adolescents' health-related quality of life were acknowledged by [84], such as physical maturation and body image, peer relationships, intimacy and sexuality, and autonomy. We considered health as a universal value, independent of the sociocultural context. Health is one of the most important aspects of the quality of life and to some extent affects other aspects. Slovakia, according to the United Nations, is one of the advanced countries of the world, but the overall health of the Slovak population has hardly improved in the last decades. The health of the Slovak population is not only a reflection of the level and quality of national health services but also, and above all, the responsibility of citizens for their health. Health is one of the most important manifested values, but it is surprising how little attendance devotes man to both prevention and treatment of diseases.

Young people in Slovakia presented the main motives for being active with sport—the positive health. It is very encouraging information for the researchers in the field of sport sciences. We found out in our research that the physical health and activity explained 59% of the variation in quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction, and taking care of yourself explained 65% of the variation in quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction. A total of 160 high school students (80 of them were sport active and 80 were sport inactive) were the research sample for the investigation of subjective quality of life (SQUALA) [85] in the research of [37]. This research has confirmed that health clearly dominates all high school students, whether they are sport active or not. The mean for the valued score for sport active was 4.72 of the five-point scale and for sport inactive was 4.61. People in Singapore attached great importance to being healthy and having a happy family life, and they were very satisfied with the various domains of life [86]. The former study of 175,850 adults [87] was based on the recommended guideline of 30 min of moderate exercise daily on most days of the week, or 20 min of intense exercise on at least 3 days of the week revealed that if somebody exercises, according to the recommended guidelines, he/ she will have twice as many days when he/she feels physically and mentally healthy compared to a person who does not exercise.

If there are good social relations in the framework of participating in sporting activities, then it is easier for the individuals to stay with some regular sporting activity if supported by their families and other acquaintances. Our research

concluded that with the social relations, 52% of the variation in quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction are explained.

The results of [88] investigation is increased level of life satisfaction in the group with higher level of leisure participation. The results of [39] also showed that significant differences existed between college rank and leisure participation, as well as between gender and leisure participation. Results of [54] showed that those participants who reported higher leisure time physical activity levels also reported a significantly higher life satisfaction (M = 41.9, SD = 35.0) relative to participants with lower levels (M = 37.6, SD = 34.2, t(1532) = −2.36, p < 0.01). There were no statistical differences in the perception of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and leisure time physical activity (t(1532) = −1.03, p = 0.30), although active people had higher scores. Both HRQOL and life satisfaction scores were higher in individuals who were participating in Recreovía (p < 0.001). Higher life satisfaction scores were found in the group with higher leisure time physical activities, while HRQOL showed no differences. Better psychological well-being indices were found in the Recreovía group. The results of this study supported other research on the relationship of leisure participation and leisure satisfaction to other facets of life. In our research we found out that with the leisure time activities, we can explain 48% of the variation in quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction.

School activities rated below average scores in happiness in the research of [54]. In our research there was a statement that reached the lowest score in all four compared groups—sport active boys (1.89), sport inactive boys (2.24), sport active girls (2.03), and sport inactive girls (2.39); and it was the frequency of joy when being in the school. With the school environment and school duties, we can explain 29% of the variation in quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction.

The results of [52] did not show differences between groups of adolescents with various sporting levels of sport performance in the level of quality of life, respectively, its individual areas. The research of [36] found out that significantly reduced life satisfaction was detected for the university students who reported not participating in physical activity. The previous findings [36] suggest physical activity participation is associated with improved life satisfaction for university students. Those students who were more active in physical activity reported higher levels (p < 0.05) of satisfaction with life as a whole. In the next research of [37], statistically significant differences were not found in the evaluation of selected quality of life factors (health, leisure time, family, and standard of living) between sport active and sport inactive high school students. Health was evaluated as the most important factor of quality of life. Very important was the factor family, and the factors standard of living and leisure time were evaluated at the middle high of importance. The conclusions of the research [89] present that the group of judo participants (n = 90) had significantly higher well-being and life satisfaction scores than normative sample. The investigation of the relationship between involvement in physical activity (sports) and satisfaction with life among 100 ball game participants [90] indicated that there was a significant influence (p < 0.05) on satisfaction with life in ball game participants. The findings from the study of [91] showed that the participants in football sample, in particular girls, reported a higher level of moderate-to-vigorous leisure time physical activity than those in the reference sample and they also rated their life satisfaction and subjective health more favorable than reference sample.

The participation in sporting activity as a variable of higher level of psychological well-being is consistent with the authors [92, 93]. High school learners from the South Africa perceived that increasing exercising and sporting activities in sport participation resulted in significantly positive responses of physical health, mental health, happiness, and well-being [94].

**137**

*Sport for the Subjective Dimensions of Quality of Life DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.88209*

and high degree of life satisfaction.

mental, and physical benefits for youth [ibid].

The implication of the study [77] is that life satisfaction and positive affect mitigate the negative effects of stressful life events and work against the development of psychological and behavioral problems among youth. And we gave evidence to this; on these pages research presented that exercising and sporting activities should be such a positive affect for positive youth development. The article of [94] talks about the factors, including individual differences in physical and psychosocial development, which can contribute to the way in which adolescents experience the impact of sport participation. Participation in exercising or sporting activities on any level

can be enjoyed by all adolescents and can bring the results as in [95, 96].

A total of 1671 Danish adolescents were taken in investigation on physical activity and several psychosocial questions [97]. The most important motives for physical activity for them were improvement of health, to get in good shape, to have fun, and to make new friends. High intensity of physical activity was associated with high social class, strong social interaction in peer group, easy contact with parents and friends, physical exercise among parents and best friends, good health,

Preliminary findings suggest physical activity and sport participation are associated with improved life satisfaction and self-rated health for middle school students [40]. In addition, although some gender differences were observed, consistent findings for sport participation suggest sport participation may carry multiple social,

It was found in the investigation of [86] that there were no significant relationships found between life satisfaction and demographic characteristics. The subjective quality of life domain measures correlated most strongly with general life satisfaction—correlation ranged from 0.16 to 0.65 in the study of [98]. Generally speaking, the findings of [35] study indicated that physical activity has an effect on positive physical self-concept and life satisfaction. The study of [99] revealed relationships between perceived life dissatisfaction and noninvolvement in physical activity. Little research of [41] with 245 students was surveyed about physical activity and life satisfaction. Analysis documented significantly reduced life satisfaction for females who reported not engaging in vigorous physical activity during the past 7 days and for both males and females who reported not playing team sports. Of the demographic variables examined [100], only age was significantly associated with the quality of life scores. Satisfaction with life in Portuguese adolescents was 18 points, and this score is less than the findings in our research for Slovak adolescents (22.46). Life satisfaction acts as a protective factor against risky behavior and mood disorders [101]. The researchers, teachers, and parents should understand the adolescents' view of quality of life, where the adolescents emphasize the importance of social relations and psychosocial health to promote and sustain their quality of life [102]. The data obtained in the research [103] indicate that those who engage in physical sporting activity always have higher psychological well-being levels (p < 0.001), experience more positive emotions (p < 0.001) and fewer negative ones (p < 0.001), and feel more satisfied with their lives (p < 0.001), than those who do not. Linear relationship between greater sport participation and happiness were observed in the results of [104]. The results of the [95] study presented an overall prediction of higher health-related quality of life with greater physical activity. Good thoughts are expressed by [105] that when the professional sport is no longer the future of male and female secondary school students, then organized exercising or sporting activity provides them the benefits that can last for the rest of their lives and hopes that such organized activities will lead to adoption of an active lifestyle in the adulthood. Participation in organized sports provides an opportunity for young people to increase their physical activity and develop physical and social skills. And the study of [103] presented the data, which identified that physical

#### *Sport for the Subjective Dimensions of Quality of Life DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.88209*

*Quality of Life - Biopsychosocial Perspectives*

enjoyment and satisfaction are explained.

concluded that with the social relations, 52% of the variation in quality of life

The results of [88] investigation is increased level of life satisfaction in the group with higher level of leisure participation. The results of [39] also showed that significant differences existed between college rank and leisure participation, as well as between gender and leisure participation. Results of [54] showed that those participants who reported higher leisure time physical activity levels also reported a significantly higher life satisfaction (M = 41.9, SD = 35.0) relative to participants with lower levels (M = 37.6, SD = 34.2, t(1532) = −2.36, p < 0.01). There were no statistical differences in the perception of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and leisure time physical activity (t(1532) = −1.03, p = 0.30), although active people had higher scores. Both HRQOL and life satisfaction scores were higher in individuals who were participating in Recreovía (p < 0.001). Higher life satisfaction scores were found in the group with higher leisure time physical activities, while HRQOL showed no differences. Better psychological well-being indices were found in the Recreovía group. The results of this study supported other research on the relationship of leisure participation and leisure satisfaction to other facets of life. In our research we found out that with the leisure time activities, we can explain 48% of the variation in quality of life enjoyment and

School activities rated below average scores in happiness in the research of [54]. In our research there was a statement that reached the lowest score in all four compared groups—sport active boys (1.89), sport inactive boys (2.24), sport active girls (2.03), and sport inactive girls (2.39); and it was the frequency of joy when being in the school. With the school environment and school duties, we can explain 29% of

The results of [52] did not show differences between groups of adolescents with various sporting levels of sport performance in the level of quality of life, respectively, its individual areas. The research of [36] found out that significantly reduced life satisfaction was detected for the university students who reported not participating in physical activity. The previous findings [36] suggest physical activity participation is associated with improved life satisfaction for university students. Those students who were more active in physical activity reported higher levels (p < 0.05) of satisfaction with life as a whole. In the next research of [37], statistically significant differences were not found in the evaluation of selected quality of life factors (health, leisure time, family, and standard of living) between sport active and sport inactive high school students. Health was evaluated as the most important factor of quality of life. Very important was the factor family, and the factors standard of living and leisure time were evaluated at the middle high of importance. The conclusions of the research [89] present that the group of judo participants (n = 90) had significantly higher well-being and life satisfaction scores than normative sample. The investigation of the relationship between involvement in physical activity (sports) and satisfaction with life among 100 ball game participants [90] indicated that there was a significant influence (p < 0.05) on satisfaction with life in ball game participants. The findings from the study of [91] showed that the participants in football sample, in particular girls, reported a higher level of moderate-to-vigorous leisure time physical activity than those in the reference sample and they also rated their life satisfaction and subjective health more favorable than reference sample. The participation in sporting activity as a variable of higher level of psychological well-being is consistent with the authors [92, 93]. High school learners from the South Africa perceived that increasing exercising and sporting activities in sport participation resulted in significantly positive responses of physical health, mental

the variation in quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction.

**136**

health, happiness, and well-being [94].

satisfaction.

The implication of the study [77] is that life satisfaction and positive affect mitigate the negative effects of stressful life events and work against the development of psychological and behavioral problems among youth. And we gave evidence to this; on these pages research presented that exercising and sporting activities should be such a positive affect for positive youth development. The article of [94] talks about the factors, including individual differences in physical and psychosocial development, which can contribute to the way in which adolescents experience the impact of sport participation. Participation in exercising or sporting activities on any level can be enjoyed by all adolescents and can bring the results as in [95, 96].

A total of 1671 Danish adolescents were taken in investigation on physical activity and several psychosocial questions [97]. The most important motives for physical activity for them were improvement of health, to get in good shape, to have fun, and to make new friends. High intensity of physical activity was associated with high social class, strong social interaction in peer group, easy contact with parents and friends, physical exercise among parents and best friends, good health, and high degree of life satisfaction.

Preliminary findings suggest physical activity and sport participation are associated with improved life satisfaction and self-rated health for middle school students [40]. In addition, although some gender differences were observed, consistent findings for sport participation suggest sport participation may carry multiple social, mental, and physical benefits for youth [ibid].

It was found in the investigation of [86] that there were no significant relationships found between life satisfaction and demographic characteristics. The subjective quality of life domain measures correlated most strongly with general life satisfaction—correlation ranged from 0.16 to 0.65 in the study of [98]. Generally speaking, the findings of [35] study indicated that physical activity has an effect on positive physical self-concept and life satisfaction. The study of [99] revealed relationships between perceived life dissatisfaction and noninvolvement in physical activity. Little research of [41] with 245 students was surveyed about physical activity and life satisfaction. Analysis documented significantly reduced life satisfaction for females who reported not engaging in vigorous physical activity during the past 7 days and for both males and females who reported not playing team sports. Of the demographic variables examined [100], only age was significantly associated with the quality of life scores. Satisfaction with life in Portuguese adolescents was 18 points, and this score is less than the findings in our research for Slovak adolescents (22.46). Life satisfaction acts as a protective factor against risky behavior and mood disorders [101]. The researchers, teachers, and parents should understand the adolescents' view of quality of life, where the adolescents emphasize the importance of social relations and psychosocial health to promote and sustain their quality of life [102]. The data obtained in the research [103] indicate that those who engage in physical sporting activity always have higher psychological well-being levels (p < 0.001), experience more positive emotions (p < 0.001) and fewer negative ones (p < 0.001), and feel more satisfied with their lives (p < 0.001), than those who do not. Linear relationship between greater sport participation and happiness were observed in the results of [104]. The results of the [95] study presented an overall prediction of higher health-related quality of life with greater physical activity.

Good thoughts are expressed by [105] that when the professional sport is no longer the future of male and female secondary school students, then organized exercising or sporting activity provides them the benefits that can last for the rest of their lives and hopes that such organized activities will lead to adoption of an active lifestyle in the adulthood. Participation in organized sports provides an opportunity for young people to increase their physical activity and develop physical and social skills. And the study of [103] presented the data, which identified that physical

activity can be taken as a variable associated with higher well-being scores and the recommended regular basis for exercising should be at least four times a week.

Positive associations between happiness and engagement in sporting activities are indicated in [5, 9, 27, 54, 104, 106]. Happiness as an equal to subjective well-being can be measured in terms of life satisfaction. It can be concerned with the presence of positive experience and feelings and the absence of negative experience and feelings. Slovak people rank in happiness in 38th place among 156 world countries [107, 108] with 6.192 points from a 10-point scale and with the loss of 1.577 points in comparison to the first country, which was Finland, in World Happiness Report 2019, and rank lower than the OECD average of 6.5. In comparison to the year 2008, 0.933 points of improvement can be found. The Slovak Republic ranks 32nd place among 148 nations and 1 special administrative region of China, Hong Kong, in the overall Prosperity Index rankings [109]. In the Prosperity Pillar rankings, Slovakia performs best on education (access to education, quality of education, and human capital) and safety and security (national security and personal security), where it took 26th place. The Quality of Life Index by Country [110] revealed that the Slovak Republic with 153.10 points is on the 31st place in quality of life when concerning purchasing power index, safety index, healthcare index, cost of living index, property price to income ratio (which is the worse rated from selected factors in Slovakia), traffic commute time index, pollution index, and climate index (which is best rated from selected factors in Slovakia). The model of [9] proposes that "happiness is a concept relative to individuals, their unique needs and resources and to the culture and environment in which they function as social beings," and we agree with them.

### **5. Conclusion**

A new strategy should take place in the life of all people—creating a physical activity, exercise and sporting habits as a need for life (like needs of eating and sleeping), because the technologies and the current way of working do not secure enough movement for work of human body organs for healthy life and for the subjective quality of life. Starting and continuing with the appropriate compulsory and extracurricular physical and sporting activities during the whole school system should to use physical and sporting activities to become the habits of exercising and should last for the whole life long because of the premise: when you are used to exercise and adapted for doing it as a young person, it is easier to continue with it during adulthood. Or even when there was a break by doing sporting activities, it is easier to start with them again, when you have been used to do it in a previous time. The body can remember the movement and can be prepared to start again. The members of the human race only speak about healthy lifestyle but have to take the initiative steps for doing something for it.

The research was focused on two main dimensions of the quality of life—the life enjoyment and satisfaction and global satisfaction with life.

The researched areas of the dimension of the quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction presented statistical differences between boys and girls (p1), sport active and sport inactive adolescents (p2), and sport active and sport inactive boys and girls (p3) (physical health and activities p1 < 0.001, p2 = 0.001, p3 < 0.001; leisure time activities p1 < 0.001, p2 < 0.001, p3 < 0.001; emotions and feelings p1 < 0.001, p2 = 0.011, p3 < 0.001; taking care of yourself p1 = 0.002, p2 = 0.004, p3 < 0.001). The only one negative statistical difference was found in the area of school environment and school duties, where sport inactive adolescents (p = 0.004) and sport inactive boys and girls (p = 0.018) valued higher the feelings of the domain life enjoyment and satisfaction from seven items of this area (school environment and

**139**

*Sport for the Subjective Dimensions of Quality of Life DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.88209*

statistical difference p < 0.001.

cents (p = 0.002).

should encourage all.

**6. Limitations of the study**

school duties). No statistical differences were found in the area of school environment and school duties in comparison between boys and girls (p = 0.086) although the girls reached higher values. No statistical differences were found in the area of social relations in comparison between boys and girls (p = 0.726), sport active and sport inactive adolescents (p = 0.470), and among sport active and sport inactive boys and girls (p = 0.58). The dimension quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction was statistically and significantly better valued by the boys than girls (p < 0.001) and by sport active boys than sport inactive boys (p = 0.027). No statistical difference was found between sport active girls and sport inactive girls (p = 0.200).

In the dimension of global satisfaction with life, we found statistical differences in all compared samples—boys were more satisfied than girls (p = 0.004), and sport active adolescents were more satisfied than sport inactive adolescents (p < 0.001) and comparison among sport active and sport inactive boys and girls results in the

The dimension of quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction (in the area of physical health and activities, leisure time activities, feelings, taking care of yourself, school enjoyment and school environment, social relations) was statistically significantly better valued by sport active adolescents than sport inactive adoles-

These findings serve to extend the knowledge in sport sociology. The research included 55 items differentiated in 7 areas, which were taken in 2 subjective dimensions of quality of life and gave evidence that sport activity positively influenced the perception of dimension of quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction and the dimension of global satisfaction with life among adolescents. Sport as a social phenomenon examines and discusses the positive impact on individuals or social group, and here we discussed the positive impact of sport, exercise, and physical activities on subjective dimensions of the quality of life in sport active and sport inactive adolescent girls and boys, which can serve as an important precondition for making and playing sports and for exercising in general. Exercising and sporting activities serve a positive experience for all, children, adolescents, adults, and seniors too, and

For the limitation of the study, we considered the sample size, because we did not calculate the expected sample size before beginning the study. We worked only with the sample with which we could realize interview. If we have had the access to a representative sample, then maybe we would have more precise results and we could generalize the results to a larger population. We will continue with this research, and we try to gain more respondents also from other parts of the Slovak Republic, not only from the capital city. The second limitation of the study is the selection of 50 items from the entire 93-item self-reported measure. Maybe for the school practice, also a short form with the 16 items would be appropriate. The third limitation of the study is self-reported data, because we gather the responses at the momentary time, when the person, in any mood, perceives the question and answers the question in a subjective manner. To overcome this, some introductory and motivational parts should be provided by the research leader before respondents start fulfilling the questionnaire. The fourth limitation could be that we did not determine the kind of sport. Maybe we would find several new information and which kind of sport has the greatest effect on the subjective dimensions of the quality of life. This approach would require the larger sample size. The fifth limitation could be the selection of the research papers in the introduction and in the

*Quality of Life - Biopsychosocial Perspectives*

activity can be taken as a variable associated with higher well-being scores and the recommended regular basis for exercising should be at least four times a week. Positive associations between happiness and engagement in sporting activities are indicated in [5, 9, 27, 54, 104, 106]. Happiness as an equal to subjective well-being can be measured in terms of life satisfaction. It can be concerned with the presence of positive experience and feelings and the absence of negative experience and feelings. Slovak people rank in happiness in 38th place among 156 world countries [107, 108] with 6.192 points from a 10-point scale and with the loss of 1.577 points in comparison to the first country, which was Finland, in World Happiness Report 2019, and rank lower than the OECD average of 6.5. In comparison to the year 2008, 0.933 points of improvement can be found. The Slovak Republic ranks 32nd place among 148 nations and 1 special administrative region of China, Hong Kong, in the overall Prosperity Index rankings [109]. In the Prosperity Pillar rankings, Slovakia performs best on education (access to education, quality of education, and human capital) and safety and security (national security and personal security), where it took 26th place. The Quality of Life Index by Country [110] revealed that the Slovak Republic with 153.10 points is on the 31st place in quality of life when concerning purchasing power index, safety index, healthcare index, cost of living index, property price to income ratio (which is the worse rated from selected factors in Slovakia), traffic commute time index, pollution index, and climate index (which is best rated from selected factors in Slovakia). The model of [9] proposes that "happiness is a concept relative to individuals, their unique needs and resources and to the culture and environment in which they function as social beings," and we agree with them.

A new strategy should take place in the life of all people—creating a physical activity, exercise and sporting habits as a need for life (like needs of eating and sleeping), because the technologies and the current way of working do not secure enough movement for work of human body organs for healthy life and for the subjective quality of life. Starting and continuing with the appropriate compulsory and extracurricular physical and sporting activities during the whole school system should to use physical and sporting activities to become the habits of exercising and should last for the whole life long because of the premise: when you are used to exercise and adapted for doing it as a young person, it is easier to continue with it during adulthood. Or even when there was a break by doing sporting activities, it is easier to start with them again, when you have been used to do it in a previous time. The body can remember the movement and can be prepared to start again. The members of the human race only speak about healthy lifestyle but have to take the

The research was focused on two main dimensions of the quality of life—the life

The researched areas of the dimension of the quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction presented statistical differences between boys and girls (p1), sport active and sport inactive adolescents (p2), and sport active and sport inactive boys and girls (p3) (physical health and activities p1 < 0.001, p2 = 0.001, p3 < 0.001; leisure time activities p1 < 0.001, p2 < 0.001, p3 < 0.001; emotions and feelings p1 < 0.001, p2 = 0.011, p3 < 0.001; taking care of yourself p1 = 0.002, p2 = 0.004, p3 < 0.001). The only one negative statistical difference was found in the area of school environment and school duties, where sport inactive adolescents (p = 0.004) and sport inactive boys and girls (p = 0.018) valued higher the feelings of the domain life enjoyment and satisfaction from seven items of this area (school environment and

**138**

**5. Conclusion**

initiative steps for doing something for it.

enjoyment and satisfaction and global satisfaction with life.

school duties). No statistical differences were found in the area of school environment and school duties in comparison between boys and girls (p = 0.086) although the girls reached higher values. No statistical differences were found in the area of social relations in comparison between boys and girls (p = 0.726), sport active and sport inactive adolescents (p = 0.470), and among sport active and sport inactive boys and girls (p = 0.58). The dimension quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction was statistically and significantly better valued by the boys than girls (p < 0.001) and by sport active boys than sport inactive boys (p = 0.027). No statistical difference was found between sport active girls and sport inactive girls (p = 0.200).

In the dimension of global satisfaction with life, we found statistical differences in all compared samples—boys were more satisfied than girls (p = 0.004), and sport active adolescents were more satisfied than sport inactive adolescents (p < 0.001) and comparison among sport active and sport inactive boys and girls results in the statistical difference p < 0.001.

The dimension of quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction (in the area of physical health and activities, leisure time activities, feelings, taking care of yourself, school enjoyment and school environment, social relations) was statistically significantly better valued by sport active adolescents than sport inactive adolescents (p = 0.002).

These findings serve to extend the knowledge in sport sociology. The research included 55 items differentiated in 7 areas, which were taken in 2 subjective dimensions of quality of life and gave evidence that sport activity positively influenced the perception of dimension of quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction and the dimension of global satisfaction with life among adolescents. Sport as a social phenomenon examines and discusses the positive impact on individuals or social group, and here we discussed the positive impact of sport, exercise, and physical activities on subjective dimensions of the quality of life in sport active and sport inactive adolescent girls and boys, which can serve as an important precondition for making and playing sports and for exercising in general. Exercising and sporting activities serve a positive experience for all, children, adolescents, adults, and seniors too, and should encourage all.
