*Spina Bifida and Craniosynostosis - New Perspectives and Clinical Applications*

at improving these patients' quality of life [7]. Intellectual disability is present only in approximately 20% of the patients and is usually the consequence of hydrocephalus [8]. Patients usually present with bladder and/or bowel incontinence, renal failure, propensity to infections and skin ulcers due to skin insensitivity, hydrocephalus, tethered cord and Arnold Chiari II type of malformation [9]. One in three of these patients will be allergic to latex, some having anaphylactic reactions. This is thought to be the consequence of repeated surgical and medical procedures, thus the importance of avoiding latex material since the beginning of care [9].
