**Conflict of interest**

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

## **Author details**

David García-Mato1,2, Javier Pascau1,2\* and Santiago Ochandiano2,3

1 Department of Bioengineering and Aerospace Engineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain

2 Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute, Madrid, Spain

3 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain

\*Address all correspondence to: jpascau@ing.uc3m.es

© 2020 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

**123**

*New Technologies to Improve Surgical Outcome during Open-Cranial Vault Remodeling*

[10] Hirabayashi S, Sugawara Y, Sakurai A, Harii K. Frontoorbital advancement by gradual distraction. J Neurosurg.

[11] Gomi A, Sunaga A, Kamochi H, Oguma H, Sugawara Y. Distraction osteogenesis update: Introduction of multidirectional cranial distraction osteogenesis. J Korean Neurosurg Soc.

[12] García-Mato D, Ochandiano S, García-Sevilla M, Navarro-Cuéllar C, Darriba-Allés J V, García-Leal R, et al. Craniosynostosis surgery: workflow based on virtual surgical planning, intraoperative navigation and 3D printed patient-specific guides and templates. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):17691.

[13] Whitaker LA, Bartlett SP, Schut L, Bruce D. Craniosynostosis: an analysis of the timing, treatment, and complications in 164 consecutive patients. Plast Reconstr Surg [Internet]. 1987 Aug [cited 2018 Aug 28];80(2):195- 212. Available from: http://www.ncbi. nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3602170

[14] McCarthy JG., Glasberg SB., Cutting CB., Epstein FJ., Grayson BH., Ruff G., et al. Twenty-year experience with early surgery for craniosynostosis: I. Isolated craniofacial synostosis- results and unsolved problems. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1995;96(2):272-83.

[15] Greenberg BM, Schneider SJ. Trigonocephaly: surgical considerations and long term evaluation. J Craniofac

[16] Selber JC, Brooks C, Kurichi JE, Temmen T, Sonnad SS, Whitaker LA. Long-term results following frontoorbital reconstruction in nonsyndromic unicoronal synostosis. Plast Reconstr

[17] Pearson GD, Havlik RJ, Eppley B, Nykiel M, Sadove AM. Craniosynostosis:

Surg. 2006 May;17(3):528-35.

Surg. 2008;121(5):251-60.

1998;89(6):1058-61.

2016;59(3):233-41.

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94536*

[1] Sharma R. Craniosynostosis. Indian J

[2] Cohen SR, Frank RC, Meltzer HS, Levy ML. Craniosynostosis. Handb Craniomaxillofacial Surg. 2014;343-68.

Honein MA. A population-based study of craniosynostosis in metropolitan Atlanta, 1989-2003. Am J Med Genet

[4] Kweldam CF, Van Der Vlugt JJ, Van Der Meulen JJNM. The incidence of craniosynostosis in the Netherlands, 1997-2007. J Plast Reconstr Aesthetic Surg [Internet]. 2011;64(5):583- 8. Available from: http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.bjps.2010.08.026

[5] Jimenez DF, Barone CM. Early treatment of anterior calvarial craniosynostosis using endoscopicassisted minimally invasive techniques.

[6] Cohen SR, Holmes RE, Ozgur BM, Meltzer HS, Levy ML. Fronto-orbital and cranial osteotomies with resorbable fixation using an endoscopic approach. Clin Plast Surg. 2004 Jul;31(3):429-42, vi.

[7] Persing JA. MOC-PS(SM) CME Article: Management

2008;121(Supplement):1-11.

Considerations in the Treatment of Craniosynostosis. Plast Reconstr Surg.

[8] Mardini S, Alsubaie S, Cayci C, Chim H, Wetjen N. Three-dimensional preoperative virtual planning and template use for surgical correction of craniosynostosis. J Plast Reconstr Aesthetic Surg. 2014;67(3):336-43.

[9] Slater BJ, Lenton KA, Kwan MD, Gupta DM, Wan DC, Longaker MT. Cranial sutures: A brief review. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2008;121(4):170-8.

2007;1411-9.

Plast Surg. 2013;46(1):18.

**References**

[3] Boulet SL, Rasmussen SA,

Part A. 2008;146(8):984-91.

*New Technologies to Improve Surgical Outcome during Open-Cranial Vault Remodeling DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94536*
