**3. Knowledge in formal representation**

1.Declarative knowledge representation

*Ontological Analyses in Science,Technology and Informatics*

2.Procedural knowledge representation

especially to specialized kind of knowledge.

one.

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ontology design problem.

• Structural OPs

• Correspondence OPs

• Content OPs (CPs)

• Reasoning OPs

• Presentation OPs

• Lexico-syntactic OPs

and their language representations.

definition in a special language is not necessary.

have grouped them into six families:

In summary, a common feature in both types of pattern specification is their generic validity within a given environment, verification by historical development, and long-term experience in their applications. If moreover knowledge design patterns are embedded in the semantic web concept environment, they represent a new quality in the sense that their content and form become comprehensible to users without deeper penetration into the principles of knowledge engineering. In terms of global formal representation, the question is how to create:

3.A unifying approach is generally applicable to the representation of knowledge (sometimes also appearing under the working name "framework approach")

We would like to present here a proposal to use instead of the ontology design patterns [11] for the approach to the topic a simple knowledge pattern bounded

A majority of authors use the term ontology design pattern (OP) because the OP is, in fact, a modeling solution of solving a recurrent ontology design problem. We would like to show here the fact that the attribute "ontology" is not a necessity in the case of using RDF modeling principle that carries this property as an implicit

Ontology design pattern (or only OP) is a modeling solution to solve a recurrent

Authors [12] have identified within web documents several types of OPs and

Knowledge patterns [13] of declarative or procedural knowledge cases give a possibility how to use rules of similar design patterns as well as in the case of software development. In both cases a natural language plays an important role, and

While examples of software design pattern applications can be found to a large extent, knowledge patterns tend to be related only in a few types of problem areas

based on both of the above approaches, enriched by those means of

representation that are missing in the first or second access.

Definition of the OP according to the authors of the article [11]:

**2.5 Knowledge pattern (KP) versus special design patterns**
