*5.4.1 Characteristics*

*Medical Isotopes*

**5.2 Therapeutic bullets**

sparing the healthy one.

medicine are as follows:

**5.3 Nuclear Medicine Imaging**

ity compared to Indium-111 octreotide imaging.

• Yttrium-90 SIRT therapy for liver cancer

Theranostics takes advantage of biological pathways specific to any system of human body to acquire diagnostic images. These images enhances the probability that the targeted therapeutic dosing of radiation that will only target disease part

In past 100 years a similar kind of model for neuroendocrine tumors has been developed that has used radionuclide gallium-68. This PET radiotracer has been chelated to DOTA-octreotate and used for diagnosis of tumor with higher sensitiv-

The disease of patients can be determined by using the gallium-68 DOTA-TATE for targeting the somatostatin receptor volume and having image using hybrid scanner like PET-CT (Positron Emission Tomography-Computer Tomography). Lutetium Octreotate Therapy is a radiopharmaceuticals which emits beta radiation is available

in 5 medical centers in north America and European medical centers [27].

• Iodine-131 therapy for thyrotoxicosis and thyroid cancer

• Radium-223 therapy for metastatic prostate cancer in bones

Some of the milestones in the field of theranostics becoming personalized

• Lutetium PSMA therapy for metastatic or treatment-resistant prostate cancer

• Yttrium-90 radiosynovectomy therapy for inflammatory synovitis of joints

Theranostics targeted therapy is difficult in case of cancer treatment due to heterogeneity of cancer cells. Ibritumomab a monoclonal antibody detects B-cells and produces the beta/alpha-emitting radiometal for destroying the lymphoma. SPECT imaging confirms distribution of antibody in the body. The indium-111 combined with radionuclide yttrium-90 transports beta particles for killing the B-cells [28]

**80**

**Figure 3.**

*Theranostics in cancer targeting and treatment.*

(**Figure 3**).
