**3. Modelling a microgrid in the Adrar study area**

Microgrids must adapt existing frameworks. For this reason, the project must be carefully coordinated between the proponent, the utility and the proponent's energy advisor to ensure the best possible result.

For electricity interconnection with the grid and to optimise reliability, resilience and efficiency of the grid, utility tariffs and franchise fees must be adapted.

When designing the microgrid stage, the interconnection specifications of local utilities must be taken into account.

## **3.1 General architecture**

In the first step to designing our microgrid, we will begin by the wind farm of Kabertene (70 km north of Adrar), which produce about 10 megawatts (MW).

This parc is composed of 12 wind turbines, each one have a unit capacity of 0.85 MW. It is interconnected with the 220/30 KV substation located in the locality itself [10].

A simulation model is presented in **Figure 2** (**Table 2**).

**Figure 2.** *Microgrids architecture.*


#### **Table 2.**

*Characteristics of wind farm.*

The Adrar region seems to be the best location for the installation of wind farms. As shown in **Figure 3**, the value of wind speed is proportional to wind energy production [10].

Several studies have assumed that the average wind speed is about 14 m/s, which is an interesting value [1].

In optimal conditions, power produced by wind turbine is about 10 MW as we see in **Figure 4** below.

The second component of our microgrid is a power plant with eight gas turbines located at "Zaouiet Kounta" (80 km from Adrar). This unity produces 148 MW and allows the Wilaya (department) to ensure its self-sufficiency over 10 years and contribute to supply the city with two power lines, one in the south towards In Salah (Tamanrasset) and the other in the north towards Timimoun (Adrar).

The third energy source is the Kabertène solar power plant which can reach (3 MW) in optimal operation conditions.

The power produced by this photovoltaic source is represented in **Figure 5**.

In comparison with wind energy which is quite stable, solar energy can be used from 7 am to 19 pm (**Figure 6**).

**29**

**Figure 5.**

**Figure 4.** *Wind power curve.*

**3.2 Microgrid operation**

*Power produced by solar power plant.*

and/or photovoltaic energy.

As indicated hereafter, the Adrar region is mainly supplied by gas turbines. But there are many isolated populations around this locality that are powered by wind

*Microgrid Application in Algeria Saharian Remote Areas*

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.86352*

**Figure 3.** *Wind speed curve.*

**Figure 4.** *Wind power curve.*

*Micro-Grids - Applications, Operation, Control and Protection*

Society GAMESA Model G52/850 Wind turbine number 12 Nominal power/unit 850.0 kW Energy per year 3.42 GWh (Vmoy: 8.5 m/s)

Secondary generator 0.0 kW Rotor diameter 52.0 m Column Tubular shape Generator type Variable Rms in nominal power 26.2 t/mn Height of the column 55.0; 44.0; 49.0; 65.0 m

The Adrar region seems to be the best location for the installation of wind farms.

Several studies have assumed that the average wind speed is about 14 m/s, which

In optimal conditions, power produced by wind turbine is about 10 MW as we

The second component of our microgrid is a power plant with eight gas turbines

located at "Zaouiet Kounta" (80 km from Adrar). This unity produces 148 MW and allows the Wilaya (department) to ensure its self-sufficiency over 10 years and contribute to supply the city with two power lines, one in the south towards In Salah

The third energy source is the Kabertène solar power plant which can reach

The power produced by this photovoltaic source is represented in **Figure 5**. In comparison with wind energy which is quite stable, solar energy can be used

(Tamanrasset) and the other in the north towards Timimoun (Adrar).

As shown in **Figure 3**, the value of wind speed is proportional to wind energy

**28**

**Figure 3.** *Wind speed curve.*

production [10].

**Table 2.**

is an interesting value [1].

(3 MW) in optimal operation conditions.

from 7 am to 19 pm (**Figure 6**).

see in **Figure 4** below.

*Characteristics of wind farm.*

**Figure 5.** *Power produced by solar power plant.*
