**3.3 Communication used in microgrid**

*Micro-Grids - Applications, Operation, Control and Protection*

providers for the load, following the scenarios below:

*Simulation of a partial shading in a sunny day from 12 am to 14 pm.*

for charging the storage battery.

is connected to the grid.

phenomena between ADRs.

conventional electrical system [6, 7].

be closed, and the connection to the load will be achieved.

tion allows the photovoltaic panel to power the load.

stration and performance evaluation of domain names by:

• Switching between grid-connected and island mode.

under different microgrid operating modes.

Microgrid, which integrates renewable energy sources, is connected to the main grid by relays. When the load is insufficiently powered by one of the sources, the corresponding switch will open, and other sources available will be the main

• Case 1: If the wind energy is sufficient to power load, wind turbine relays will

• Case 2: Both wind and solar energies produce enough energy at the same time: the wind turbine is connected to the load, and the photovoltaic panels are used

• Case 3: There is no half energy produced by the wind turbine, but solar radia-

• Case 4: Renewable source productions are insufficient or non-existent; the load

The aim of microgrid design is to study large-scale development, field demon-

• The frequency and voltage of control of different methods and technologies,

• High penetration of ADR and its impact on the host network and interaction

It is important to note that the control strategies and dynamic behaviour of a microgrid in autonomous mode of operation may be different from those of a

**30**

**Figure 6.**

For reasons of reliability, large amounts of data must be exchanged as much as possible in real time between zones. This will allow the system to react quickly to any changes in network operating parameters. Microgrid control and monitoring must be ensured:


Tools based on real time synchronised network models for preventive and emergency network management systems and simulation of the behaviour of the entire electrical/energy system.
