**Part 4**

**Post-Traumatic Stress in Special Situations** 

208 Post Traumatic Stress Disorders in a Global Context

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**10** 

*China* 

**Earthquake and Mental Health** 

*The Mental Health Institute of Hebei Medical University,* 

*Psychiatric Department of the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University,* 

**Earthquakes**, as a nature disaster, not only causes deaths, physical disease, damage to the infrastructure and economic loss, it also keeps long-lasting **Mental Health** effects on individuals involved. There will always be cases of psychological disorders such as Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), depression, cognitive disorder, personality disorders,

At 3:42 am on July 28 1976, a magnitude 7.8 earthquake struck Tangshan, an industrial city of 1 million people in northern China, which had been built on the unstable soil of the Luanhe River's flood plain. Ninety-three percent of residential buildings and 78 percent of industrial buildings were completely destroyed. This alluvial soil liquefied during the quake, undermining entire neighborhoods. The entire earthquake lasted approximately 14

Although earthquakes are among the most common and devastating natural disasters, relatively little attention has been paid to their mental health consequences and associated risk factors long time after earthquake. There have been few studies of post-earthquake psychological problems using randomly selected samples of earthquake survivors. Fortunately, we have done a lot of studies about mental disorders due to Tangshan

An earthquake, also known as a quake, tremor or temblor, is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust. In its most general sense, the word earthquake is used to describe any seismic event — whether natural or caused by humans — that generates seismic waves. Earthquakes are caused mostly by rupture of geological faults, but also by other events such as volcanic activity, landslides, mine blasts, and nuclear tests. For humans who live on earth, an earthquake is a trauma. "Trauma" has both a medical and a psychiatric definition. Medically, "trauma" refers to a serious or critical bodily injury, wound, or shock. This definition is often associated with trauma medicine practiced in emergency rooms and represents a popular view of the term. In psychiatry, "trauma" has assumed a different meaning and refers to an experience that is emotionally

and so on, especially with individuals dealing pre-existing conditions.

to 16 seconds and killed at least 242,000 people.

**1.1 Earthquake as a "trauma" related to mental health** 

**1. Introduction** 

earthquake in China.

Xueyi Wang and Kezhi Liu

*Brain Ageing and Cognitive Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang,* 
