**Author details**

*Innovations in Assisted Reproduction Technology*

the cytoplasmic maturation [71].

process should be done routinely [72].

Pregnancy rates are comparable.

**8. Conclusions**

psychosocial impact.

**9. Summary points**

fertility preservation.

to the culture media which augmented oocyte maturation [69], or brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial-cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), which recently were reported to improve maturation rates in human oocytes [70], or addition of dibutyryl cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cAMP) to mouse oocytes in vitro to arrest germinal vesicle break down, in order to combine it with

The results of the process of IVM may be comparable and may have advantages over standard IVF. It is a simple procedure without pituitary downregulation. For stimulation of IVM cycle, a very small amount of hormones are administered if at all. Treatment time is short with low side effects (no OHSS), resulting in a reduced

The method of IVM holds great promise as an alternative to assisted reproductive technologies and may be the procedure of choice not only for infertile patients but also to obtain oocytes for donation or fertility preservation. Improving embryonic-endometrial synchrony through pharmaceutical or other manipulation of endometrial/uterine receptivity will hopefully improve IVM success rates. Appropriate counseling of the patients about the benefits and difficulties of the

In vitro maturation of oocytes is a simple and less stressful process of treatment. Main indication: PCOS patients, selected cases with fertilization failure, and

**186**

Adrian Ellenbogen1,2,3\*, Einat Shalom Paz2 , Medeia Michaeli4 , Anna Smirnova5 and Yona Barak6,7

1 Rapport School of Medicine, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel

2 IVF Unit, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera, Israel

3 Meuhedet Female Health Center, Bnai Brak, Israel

4 IVF Laboratory, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera, Israel

5 IVF & Reproductive Genetics Centre, Moscow, Russian Federation

6 Dr Yona Barak Laboratories Ltd., Israel

7 Alpha Scientists in Reproductive Medicine, Israel

\*Address all correspondence to: ellenbogen55@gmail.com

© 2020 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
