**Dr. Dhanasekaran Vikraman and Dr. K. Karuppasamy**

Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, South Korea

**1**

**Chapter 1**

**1. Introduction**

energy [4].

study disciplines [1].

**2. What is metallurgy?**

Introductory Chapter: A Brief

Materials science, also known as materials science and engineering, is a multidisciplinary field that deals with the discovery and design of new materials [1]. Always new materials open the door to new technologies, whether they are in chemical, civil, construction, nuclear, agricultural, aeronautical, biomedical, electrical, or mechanical engineering [2, 3]. The materials science engineering includes the study of the relations between the synthesis, forming, properties, structure, and performance of materials that enable an engineering function. The materials properties of interest can be electrical, mechanical, optical or magnetic; the engineering function can affect industries involved in electronics, communications, transportation, manufacturing, medicine, recreation, environment, and

Metallurgy is the art and science of making metals and alloys in shapes and with characteristics suitable for practical use [5]. It is an applied science based on a clear understanding of the structures and properties of metals and their alloys. Metallurgy has long occupied the dominant position as the most important engineering materials; steel being by far the most important over the last few centuries. However, increasingly in many areas other materials such as ceramics, plastics and composites are challenging this position. The relatively recent development of materials science and engineering is a merger of metallurgy with others like glass and ceramic technology, mineralogy, physical and inorganic chemistry, solid-state physics, and polymer science in modern techniques to include all structural and functional materials, thus making it one of the widest of

Metallurgy is the science and technology to extract metals from their ores economically, refining them and preparing them for the end use [6]. It studies the microstructure of a metal, the structural features that are control to observation under a microscope. Microstructure determines mechanical properties of the metal, including their elastic and plastic behavior when applying the force. Chemical composition is the relative content of a particular element within an alloy, usually expressed as a percent weight. Composition, as well as thermal and mechanical processing, will determine microstructure. Metals and their alloys are widely used in our daily lives. They are used for different purposes such as making machines,

Introduction to Engineering

Materials and Metallurgy

*Uday M. Basheer Al-Naib*
