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## Meet the editors

Leidivan Almeida Frazão is Professor of Soil Science and coordinator of the Graduate Program in Plant Science (2017-2020) at Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil, Institute of Agricultural Sciences. She received a BSc in Agronomic Engineering from the Federal University of São Carlos in 2004, and an MSc in Chemistry in Agriculture and Environment and a DSc in Soil and Plant Nutrition from the University of São Paulo, Brazil,

in 2007 and 2012, respectively. She has published papers in international peer-reviewed journals about the management of soil organic matter compartments, soil carbon stocks and greenhouse gas emissions from different agricultural systems. Currently, her main focus of research is dynamics of soil organic matter under agrosilvopastoral and agroforestry systems in Brazil in collaboration with various national and international institutions.

Junio Cota Silva is Professor of Biotechnology and Microbiology at Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil, Institute of Agricultural Sciences. He obtained a BSc in Biological Sciences from the Federal University of Viçosa in 2007, and an MSc and DSc in Food Science from the State University of Campinas, Brazil, in 2009 and 2013, respectively. He has more than 15 years' experience in scientific research and has led several research projects

on industrial and applied biotechnology and has been awarded research project grants. He has published more than thirty papers on industrial biotechnology and biorenewables in international peer-reviewed journals in collaboration with various national and international institutions worldwide. He is an editorial board member and ad hoc reviewer for international journals including *Biocatalysis*, *Agricultural Biotechnology*, and *BioMed Research International*.

Adriana Marcela Silva-Olaya is Assistant Professor in the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and coordinator of the Biogeochemical Process Laboratory at the University of the Amazon, Colombia. A major focus of her work involves impact of agricultural management on soil quality and soil C dynamics in the Amazon region. Previous and current research activities include field measurement and modeling of soil C sequestration and green-

house gas emissions from soils. Currently, Dr. Silva-Olaya is leading a project involving changes in soil microbiome composition and functionality due to transition from forest to pasture in the Colombian Amazon region.

Contents

Practices

Introductory Chapter: CO2 Sequestration

*Imtiaz Hussain and Muhammad Sohail*

and Increase Organic Carbon in Soils

*Miriam Muñoz-Rojas and Rainer Nerger*

in the Brazilian Palm Oil Life Cycle

*and Carlos Clemente Cerri*

*by Marya McKee, Kristofor R. Brye and Lisa Wood*

Sequestration in Arkansas

in Cocoa Ecosystems

*and Anne Verhoef*

**Preface XI**

**Chapter 1 1**

**Chapter 2 5**

**Chapter 3 23**

**Chapter 4 45**

**Chapter 5 65**

**Chapter 6 93**

Greenhouse Gas Assessment and Strategies to Achieve CO2 Sequestration

Landuse and Physiographic Region Effects on Soil Carbon and Nitrogen

Strategic Management of Grazing Grassland Systems to Maintain

*by Mohammad Ibrahim Khalil, Rosa Francaviglia, Beverley Henry, Katja Klumpp, Peter Koncz, Mireia Llorente, Beata Emoke Madari,* 

Leaf Litter Decomposition and Mitigation of CO2 Emissions

*by Askia M. Mohammed, James S. Robinson, David J. Midmore* 

*by Leidivan Almeida Frazão, Guilherme Silva Raucci, João Luis Nunes Carvalho, Marcelo Valadares Galdos, Cindy Silva Moreira, Carlos Eduardo Pellegrino Cerri* 

*by Leidivan A. Frazão, Junio C. Silva and Adriana M. Silva-Olaya*

Soil Carbon Sequestration through Agronomic Management

*by Sikander Khan Tanveer, Xingli Lu, Shamim-Ul-Sibtain Shah,* 

## Contents



Preface

In recent decades there has been growing concern over the impact of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions on global warming and climate changes. Fossil fuel use, deforestation, intensive livestock farming, use of synthetic fertilizers and industrial processes have been pointed out as the main human sources of GHG emissions. As population growth around the world is contributing to this global warming, several efforts have been made to mitigate GHGs by agricultural practices and industrial

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has reported different strategies to promote atmospheric CO2 sequestration. However, as the methodologies and new strategies are constantly updated, the dissemination of this information

As such, this book provides the reader with a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art of the strategies that contribute to reducing GHG emissions and promoting CO2 sequestration. Chapters broadly discuss alternatives such as soil carbon sequestration through conservationist management systems in agriculture, improvement of industrial processes and reuse of residues, adsorption processes that can be performed using activated carbon and effective methods of carbon capture and storage such as geological sequestration of CO2. The book is divided into eight chapters written by thirty-five researchers in different fields and organized by subjects related to CO2 sequestration in several regions of the world. The results presented here are directly from the authors' research as well as from

This book contains relevant information about atmospheric CO2 sequestration and contributes to discussions on reducing the impacts of global warming and climate change. We recommend this reference to the general public, undergraduate and graduate students, and researchers who aim to deepen their knowledge on the topics

**Leidivan Almeida Frazão and Junio Cota Silva**

Universidade Federal Minas Gerais,

**Adriana Marcela Silva-Olaya** Universidad de la Amazonia,

Brazil

Colombia

becomes important within the current scenario of climate change.

processes.

studies in important publications.

discussed within.
