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## Meet the editor

Dr Ruby Srivastava, a theoretical physicist, is the principal investigator on her third consecutive DST (SR/WOS-A/CS-69/2018) project, with CSIR-CCMB, Hyderabad. After fifteen years in teaching, she started her research career and published several solo-authored papers, review articles, and seven book chapters. Awarded with Quarterly Franklin Membership, she is also member of the Cambridge Scholar Publishing and editor of many

book projects. One of her books was selected to be in the Web of Science™ Core Collection. Her publication (*Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.*, 2014) is rated #1 and two of her publications have been selected for Longuet-Higgins Early Career Researcher Prizes. She is a reviewer for many of the leading journals and is rated at 0.01% of the most read authors by Academia.edu.

Contents

Microelectronics *by Steven H. Voldman*

Nanoporous Silicon

*by Javier Martinez*

to Medical Work *by Klaudia Freire*

*and Sujatha Lakshminarayanan*

Optical Tweezers in Biotechnology *by Zhiyong Gong and Yuchao Li*

**Preface III**

**Chapter 1 1**

**Chapter 2 11**

**Chapter 3 27**

**Chapter 4 43**

**Chapter 5 61**

**Chapter 6 73**

Electrostatic Discharge, Electrical Overstress, and Latchup in VLSI

Development and Characterization of Poly Ethylene-Co-Vinyl Acetate

*by Rashmi Aradhya, Madhu Bilugali Mahadevaswamy and Poornima*

A Novel Sensing Method for VOCs Using Nanoparticle-Coated

*by Selvakumar Varadarajan Subramani, Suganthi Selvakumar* 

Nanolithography by Scanning Probes for Biorecognition

Biophotonics in Africa Powered by Light Technology Applied

(PEVA) Hybrid Nanocomposite Encapsulates for Solar PV

## Contents


Preface

The new generation of nanotechnological devices presents increasingly formidable multidisciplinary challenges at the most fundamental level, which result in an urgent need for long-term research based on a scientific approach. These technologies are forcing changes to the way we view and use communications and information. The new technologically innovative devices need understanding of underlying physical mechanisms, and removal of present technological limitations. With a strong emphasis on experimentation and fabrication, the applications span the areas of nano-devices, optical communications, sensors, and biomedical devices. This book is all about the optoelectronic and biomedical applications of micro and nanotechnologies, in which authors from all over the world have contributed their research.

Chapter 1 deals with the issues of electrostatic discharge (ESD), electrical overstress (EOS), and latchup for VLSI microelectronics with a discussion on physical models, failure mechanisms, and design solutions. The author has highlighted solutions to the problems. I hope that this chapter will help the reader by providing useful insight on the ESD design and chip development mechanism and will overcome the number of research challenges in order to speed up technological innovation for

In Chapter 2, the synthesis and characterization of poly ethylene-co-vinyl acetate (PEVA) is presented, which plays an important role in solar materials, such as PV modules and agricultural greenhouse polymer sheets. The morphology and miscibility of fabricated nanocomposite films was analyzed and investigated experimentally. It was observed that these nanocomposites showed increased thermal stability, glass transition temperature, high transmittance, and optimum

The structural aspects of VOCs using porous silicon coated with a layer of ZnO (PS-ZnO), which is essential in sensing Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) is discussed in Chapter 3. Further variations in several parameters were measured and

Optical tweezers have the potential for application in nanostructure assembly, cancer cell sorting, targeted drug delivery, single-molecule studies, and biosensing. In Chapter 4, a discussion about nano-optical manipulation techniques is presented to solve the problem of difficult integration and diffraction limitations of conventional optical tweezers and holographic optical tweezers, which can be

Chapter 5 is about the most innovative and reliable probe nanolithography techniques based on the spatial confinement of a chemical reaction within a nanometric size frame, which can be applied for controlled deposition of molecules with high precision or nanotransistors that can be used as sensors for biorecognition

Welcome to the emerging field of micro and nanoelectronics!

nanoelectronics in the near future.

UV-shielding efficiency.

analyzed by experimental means.

used in biophotonic and biomedical applications.
