**1. Introduction**

The medical provision of the injured population (MPIP) is a key task in the activity plan of the health system (HS) in case of emergencies and disastrous situations (EDS) [1–3]. This is regulated and specified for each level of government and for each type of structural unit within the HS of the country [2]. The timely and correct updating of the action plan of EDS by the healthcare leaders and health risk managers is a consistent, up-to-date annual task in order to maintain a highly optimal readiness for rapid response [2–4]. According to the type of EDS for each individual critical care potion the availability of action protocols guarantees not only confident

firmness but also readiness for effective operational response and good medical practices. The productive operational activities at each stage of the MPIP with responsible and expert risk health management in a dynamically changing environment at the EDS require mobile flexibility and maneuverability in the development of the plan and its implementation [2, 5–7]. The provision with sufficient resources and their maneuver contextually according to the specific EDS is the basis for a good organizational culture [7, 8] Essential step for rescuing and providing successful medical care to the affected population is a practical interaction with other emergency systems and organization [8, 9]. Coordination of the EDS activities on a large scale is a solid fundament principle for the correct direction of the actions [7–9]. In case of the destructive EDS with a serious territorial scope and severely affected


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*Medical Provision of the Population within an Outbreak of a Traumatic Defeat an Earthquake…*

available resources the participation of international organizations, rescue teams

The data indicate that the probability is low in only five regions in Bulgaria (almost 18%). In contrast, the probability is high in 12 regions (almost 43%) and moderate level in 11 regions (around 39%). It is interesting to note that in 12 regions the risk of a strong earthquake is rated as high and only in 4 is indicated as low. According to prognostic data, human losses are assessed as high only in Sofia-city region. On the one hand only in Sofia-city region is reported high values prognosis for each of the indicators. On the other hand in two of them (Montana and Vidin) a

**2. Medical provision of the population - goals, principles and tasks**

**It seems that the Aim** of MPP is organized in a few groups of actions:

1.*Preservation of the health* and strengthening of the physical condition and

2.*Saving the lives* of the affected people and reducing mortality and disability and

The occurrence of different types of traumatic defeat due to huge EDS, which are characterized by diverse in nature injuries and mass effect determine the main

**The main Principles** of MPP due to contemporary scientific knowledge are

The medical provision of the population (MPP) is an element of activity of the health system especially due to EDS. In case of emergencies it is based as much as possible on the existing health care system and only with an organizational approach moves to a new mode of work with available staff and sources. MPP according to real practice, results of an epidemiological survey and documentary research is defined as a complex of interconnected organizational, medical and

As a particular type of EDS, large magnitude earthquakes are characterized not only with mass casualty but also with the diversity of damage among the population

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) evidence-based databases, around the world more than million earthshakings annually are occured, of which about 100,000 have a magnitude of 3–8 Richter and are felt by humans. Some of the strongest earthquakes in the world are: the Assam (June 12, 1897) in Northeast India; The Japanese (September 1923), in which the cities of Tokyo and Yokohama were destroyed; Gobi - Altai (December 4, 1957); Chilean (May 29, 1960); the Alaska Earthquake (March 28, 1964); the Armenian Earthquake (December 7, 1988); the earthquake of December 26, 2004 after which almost 230,000 missing and presumed dead [11]; the earthquake in Haiti (January 12, 2010) that killed more than 230,000 people and another 300,000 were injured [12]; the earthquake in Japan (March 11, 2011), which killed more than 15,800 people, injured more than 6000 and disappeared more than 2500 people [13]. The earthquake risk assessment in Bulgaria is made by regions. The number of regions in Bulgaria is 28

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94259*

of any natural community [2, 7–9].

in total (**Table 1**).

low risk assessment is given.

hygienic-anti-epidemic measures [7–10, 14].

working capacity of the population.

principles of MPP [1, 2, 7–10, 14, 15].

the fastest recovery of health and work ability.

3.*Prevention of long-term* and infection diseases.

collected in some main key points [1, 2, 7–10, 14–16]:

and means of medical specialist is a possible option [10].

#### **Table 1.**

*The earthquake risk assessment in Bulgaria by regions (sources: BAS).*

*Medical Provision of the Population within an Outbreak of a Traumatic Defeat an Earthquake… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94259*

available resources the participation of international organizations, rescue teams and means of medical specialist is a possible option [10].

As a particular type of EDS, large magnitude earthquakes are characterized not only with mass casualty but also with the diversity of damage among the population of any natural community [2, 7–9].

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) evidence-based databases, around the world more than million earthshakings annually are occured, of which about 100,000 have a magnitude of 3–8 Richter and are felt by humans. Some of the strongest earthquakes in the world are: the Assam (June 12, 1897) in Northeast India; The Japanese (September 1923), in which the cities of Tokyo and Yokohama were destroyed; Gobi - Altai (December 4, 1957); Chilean (May 29, 1960); the Alaska Earthquake (March 28, 1964); the Armenian Earthquake (December 7, 1988); the earthquake of December 26, 2004 after which almost 230,000 missing and presumed dead [11]; the earthquake in Haiti (January 12, 2010) that killed more than 230,000 people and another 300,000 were injured [12]; the earthquake in Japan (March 11, 2011), which killed more than 15,800 people, injured more than 6000 and disappeared more than 2500 people [13]. The earthquake risk assessment in Bulgaria is made by regions. The number of regions in Bulgaria is 28 in total (**Table 1**).

The data indicate that the probability is low in only five regions in Bulgaria (almost 18%). In contrast, the probability is high in 12 regions (almost 43%) and moderate level in 11 regions (around 39%). It is interesting to note that in 12 regions the risk of a strong earthquake is rated as high and only in 4 is indicated as low. According to prognostic data, human losses are assessed as high only in Sofia-city region. On the one hand only in Sofia-city region is reported high values prognosis for each of the indicators. On the other hand in two of them (Montana and Vidin) a low risk assessment is given.
