**3.2 Secondary disasters due to earthquakes**

Analysis of primary and secondary statistical data shows that occurrence of secondary defeats after an earthquake is a common effect. This increases number of risks factors and character of injuries among the affected population. According to analysis some of possible secondary disasters after earthquakes are [2, 7–10, 13, 19–21, 23–26]:


**59**

etc [7–10].

*Medical Provision of the Population within an Outbreak of a Traumatic Defeat an Earthquake…*

6.Occurrence of *catastrophic floods* [1, 7–9, 11–13] after earthquakes can increase number of traumas due to new risk factors with leading place and role for the speed and depth of the water flow. On the other hand can cause hypothermia [7, 10, 27] especially for infants, adults, for the chronically ill and for people with special needs like people with compromised vision or limbs. Can be formed a new defeat of waterborne disease such as Cholera as well (like Haiti,

7.*An outbreak of biological contamination* and infectious diseases can be created after a destructive earthquake within or without a tsunami wave (Like Haiti,

8.Occurrence *of landslides and avalanches* (like Nepal, 2015) [1, 7–12, 21, 22].

9.*An* e*cological disaster* and even local environment can be changed totally (like

10. *A volcano* generated by an earthquake. It is believed that mixed of danger toxic substances after that can affect society due to discarded volcanic ash into the

12. *Social related and financial crisis* due to earthquakes [1, 7–10, 13, 17].

**3.3 Victims: main structure and frequency of traumatic health related effects**

It seems that after huge earthquakes, a large number of victims and injuries are occurred. According to experts, many numbers of victims need emergency medical care at the same time [7–10]. Nature and structure of the injuries can be very diverse [7, 13]. Injuries to the musculoskeletal system, extensive burns, prolonged compression syndrome due to prolonged compression of individual limbs or parts of the body, injuries to large blood vessels predominate [7–10]. Significant percentage of victims may be in a state of shock [7, 10, 27], with acute respiratory and cardiovascular insufficiency, in need of urgent respiratory and cardiovascular resuscitation [7, 10], neuropsychiatric disorder due to the experienced mental stress and others. According to scientific research [7, 10], by severity, medical losses are divided into the following groups: lightly injured (40%), moderately severely and severely injured (60%), of which 20% need

Creating a severe hygienic-epidemiological situation on the territory of the outbreak of traumatic defeat is defined as a big health risk factor. Prerequisite for this is the pollution of the territory from the destruction of water supply and sewerage systems, difficulties in finding the corpses of dead people and animals, the appearance of rodents, insects etc. The appearance of diseases of infectious and non-infectious origin is possible, as well as the appearance of epidemics typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever A and B, salmonellosis, hepatitis, cholera

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94259*

2010; like Nepal, 2015) [1, 7–12, 21, 22].

11. *Traffic accidents* due to earthquakes [7–10].

**3.4 Pollution from different origin as health risk factor**

Kresna, Bulgaria, April, 1904, with 7,8 M) [7–9].

2010) [1, 7–12].

environment [7–9].

specialized medical care.

*Medical Provision of the Population within an Outbreak of a Traumatic Defeat an Earthquake… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94259*

