**5.4 Number of works by number of people**

The manual team was observed to have three members doing the same work simultaneously, but here, this research analyzes to what extent multiple people were doing the same work.

**Figure 9(a)** shows the working time by the number of manual team members. The "1, 2, 3," on the horizontal axis means the number of people who simultaneously worked on the same task. According to this, the total number of working time by one person and the total number of working time by two persons are almost identical. The number of contacts/confirmations is more significant in the tasks performed by two people than in the tasks performed by one person. Besides, the time for simple work by two or three people is significant.

#### **Figure 9.**

*(a) Working time by the number of the manual team. (b) Working time by the number of the BOSS team.*

**Figure 9(b)** shows the work-hours by the number of members in the BOSS team. As shown in **Figure 9(a)**, while the manual team spends much time working with multiple people, members of the BOSS team almost always worked alone. It was also observed that multiple people did not perform simple work together because the three people's work was for sharing the situation, such as the meeting.

for each work because the manual team often works with multiple people, so the

*Disaster Management Process Approach: Case Study by BOSS for Disaster Response under…*

Regarding the kind of work, the manual team's work, but the BOSS team did not respond: "Confirmation of reception flow, the setting of pet space, confirmation of the role of reception." The manual team spends much time confirming the reception flow, and they were doing shelter opening work while discussing the next reception each time. While the pet space was set up according to the shelter opening kit, the BOSS team carried out the work according to the BOSS workflow because

The BOSS team did not set up a pet space because the set up of a pet space was

Also, the tasks that the BOSS team did were to display the toilet guidance and the impassable zone, clean up the opening kit, check the location of the toilet and water system, but the manual team did not carry out these tasks. In comparison, the number of operations performed by the BOSS team is larger than the manual team. All of these works are registered in the BOSS. In other words, if works are not registered in the BOSS, responders may omit the responses, so it is necessary to

**Table 4** shows the manual team's work during the verification test concerning the work content described in the manual. Many Xs indicate that the work was not

On the other hand, **Table 5** shows the BOSS contents and the BOSS team's work

**Table 6** shows the statements of the leaders of both teams. The manual team leader seemed to ask other members for their opinions and think while working

during the experiment. If both the start and end of the work are entered, it is considered that the work is completed. Besides, when nothing is inputted, it is regarded as non-performing work and is represented by X. The work indicated by the diagonal lines was excluded because it was set to be already performed in the

sum of the entire team's working time increases.

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94954*

not included in the workflow.

enhance the flowchart in the BOSS.

**5.6 Omission of work**

**5.7 Leader's statement**

**Figure 11.**

**113**

*Working time of each team by business (unit: Minutes).*

there was a note on the detailed sheet of the BOSS workflow.

performed and that many of the work had been omitted.

experiment scenario. As a result, one work has been omitted.

In other words, the manual team worked on a single task by multiple people simultaneously, but the BOSS teams simultaneously carried out different tasks in parallel.

#### **5.5 Working time by business**

**Figure 10** shows the working time of each team. **Figure 10(a)** shows the working time by the manual team's work. The preparation for a reception is the time consuming, and three people work together. The next task that took a long time was information sharing. In terms of information sharing, it was often used as a time when the three members were considering what to do next. Also, "confirmation of reception flow" in the third was used to examine the reception flow. Regarding the top 5 works with the most work time, there was a strong tendency that three people were doing the same work simultaneously or with a certain amount of time.

On the other hand, **Figure 10(b)** shows the working time by the work of the BOSS team.

Like the manual team, it takes time to prepare for reception and share information. Since three people gather to share the situation, it means that three people work together, but for other things, there are many tasks that one person does, such as setting up "each space" and "flow line (reception)". The tasks performed by the three people were contact sharing, sanitary equipment, confirmation of preparation status, and meetings, all of which can be said to be tasks that should be performed by all.

In other words, it can be said that the BOSS team was working independently, except for those who were required to respond to multiple people.

**Figure 11** shows the working time by both teams. Regarding the working time by business, it can be seen that the BOSS team generally performs various types of works in a short time. On the other hand, the manual team has a longer work time

#### **Figure 10.**

*(a) Work-hours by work of the manual team. (b) Work-hours by work of the BOSS team.*
