**Acknowledgements**

To the Universidad Nacional de Colombia, to the Faculty of Engineering, to the Extension and Research Institute, to the Department of Civil and Agricultural Engineering for the unconditional support. To Dra. Carmen Sofía Bonilla, General Director of the Corporación Autónoma Regional del Tolima (CORTOLIMA), who for her integrating vision between environmental management and risk management made it possible to institutionally materialize the development of the study through the Universidad Nacional de Colombia. To CORTOLIMA, for its decisive technical and logistical support in providing the thematic information for the development of the study and in particular to Dr. Ulises Guzmán, Interventor on behalf of CORTOLIMA, for his accurate and timely observations, suggestions, and recommendations. To the Ministerio de Ambiente, Vivienda y Desarrollo Territorial (MAVDT) for its financial support to defray part of the research costs. Finally, to the entire professional and academic team of the PIGA Group for Research in Politics, Information, and Environmental Management but in a special way to the Civil Engineer, MSc. Geotecnia Fernando Javier Díaz, for his determined collaboration and valuable contributions, particularly in relation to the evaluation of threats due to seismicity and landslides and geospatial analysis.
