Meet the editor

Otolorin Adelaja Osibote is a senior lecturer at the Department of Mathematics and Physics, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa, where she teaches subjects in physics. She graduated with a second class upper in Physics (Hons), an MSc in Engineering Physics (Medical and Health Physics option), and a DSc in Public Health (Medical Physics) from Escola Nacional de Saude Publica, Fiocruz, Brazil.

She has authored around 50 papers in international journals and international conference proceedings. She has been involved in a number of research projects funded by her institution. She is a reviewer for several international scientific journals. Her research interest includes irradiation and radioactivity contents of certain foodstuffs, dosimetry studies in diagnostic radiology, radiation protection and safety, and assessment of metal contents in environmental samples.

Contents

**Section 1**

Systems

Salta in Argentine

*and Sarat Kumar Dalai*

*by Chandra R. Makanjee*

Outcome

Emergency

*by Vladimir Kutkov*

*by Otolorin Adelaja Osibote*

**Preface III**

Radiation Protection and Measurement **1**

**Chapter 1 3**

**Chapter 2 11**

**Chapter 3 29**

**Chapter 4 63**

**Chapter 5 83**

**Chapter 6 101** Dosimetry for Use in Preparedness and Response to Radiological and Nuclear

Introductory Chapter: Radiation Exposure, Dose and Protection

*by Felipe P. Perez, James Rizkalla, Matthew Jeffers, Paul Salama,* 

*by Mario Marcelo Figueroa de la Cruz and Roberto Daniel Breslin*

*Cristina N. Perez Chumbiauca and Maher Rizkalla*

Protective Immunity against Malaria Infection

*by Nikunj Tandel, Devang Trivedi, Aditi Mohan Krishnan* 

The Effect of Repeated Electromagnetic Fields Stimulation in Biological

Study of Non-predictive Patterns of Non-Ionizing Radiation in the City of

Application of Radiation Technology: A Novel Vaccine Approach to Induce

Diagnostic Imaging Safety and Protection: A Collective Interaction and Decision-Making Processes and Procedures toward an Effective Health

## Contents



Environmental Radiation: Natural Radioactivity Monitoring *by Isam Salih Mohamed Musa*

Preface

Radiation is known to be present on our planet naturally. Naturally occurring radioactive materials are present in our homes, food and water, and even in the air we breathe. In addition, radiation is present in manmade activities, including X-rays for diagnosis and therapeutic purposes, testing of nuclear weapons, and in nuclear plants for power generation. Depending on the type of radiation, it is important that exposure is minimized to avoid the risk of biological harm to the human body.

This book provides knowledge on the types of radiation, the uses of radiation, the levels of exposure, and radiation protection. I appreciate the efforts of all contributing authors for sharing their knowledge and research findings in this book. The authors are composed of researchers in different fields such as medicine, science, and other areas involved in the use, measurement, and management of

This book is dedicated to all readers and I hope they will find it useful in their

The efforts of the service manager and the staff of IntechOpen are highly appreciated. Their professional assistance and cooperation make the function of the editor

**Dr. Otolorin Adelaja Osibote**

South Africa

Department of Mathematics and Physics, Cape Peninsula University of Technology,

radiation.

respective areas of research.

a walk in the park.
