**5.1 Microcomputer based embedded SCADA and RFID systems**

Standard SCADA systems are based on using PLC devices [19, 20]. PLC is a special type of controller based on microcomputer that works in real time and is used for control of processes and systems. PLC is very common in control systems because of its resistance to environmental conditions, reliability, functionality, ease of programming and maintenance. It was created possibility for development and implementation of embedded microcomputer-based SCADA systems for specific applications with progress and development of microcomputers. Main advantages of such systems are: optimization of system hardware, software, speed and storage needs; maximal adoption according to application, low cost. SCADA systems are consisted of: measurement equipment (sensors) and executive units (actuators), remote input/output modules, remote stations (terminal units), communication system and central station.

Radio-frequency identification is used in RFID systems [21, 22]. Process of identification is performed such that the RFID sensor detects the RFID tag brought in proximity to the sensor. It is performed identification of a person or of an object based on data in the tag. After successful identification it is enabled access of a user or an object to needed functions. RFID readers/writers use electromagnetic field for automatic detection and monitoring RFID tags. There are three types of RFID tags: passive RFID tags, active RFID tags and partly active RFID tags. Diversity of RFID tags enables selection of the most appropriate solution for a given application.
