Education and Social Interactions

*Wearable Devices - The Big Wave of Innovation*

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**Chapter 5**

**Abstract**

mechanism

**1. Introduction**

*Dan Liu and Guo Hong*

Wearable Electromechanical

Sensors and Its Applications

Wearable electromechanical sensor transforms mechanical stimulus into electrical signals. The main electromechanical sensors we focus on are strain and pressure sensors, which correspond to two main mechanical stimuli. According to their mechanisms, resistive and capacitive sensor attracts more attentions due to their simple structures, mechanisms, preparation method, and low cost. Various kinds of nanomaterials have been developed to fabricate them, including carbon nanomaterials, metallic, and conductive polymers. They have great potentials on health monitoring, human motion monitoring, speech recognition, and related human-machine interface applications. Here, we discuss their sensing mechanisms and fabrication methods and introduce recent progress on their performances and applications.

**Keywords:** wearable, electromechanical sensor, health monitoring, fabrication,

With the rapid development of information technology, the Internet of Everything turns more critical in the next technological revolution. Wearable devices, which have the advantages of good portability, easy to carry, and multifunctional capability, are considered as the basic hardware in the future, which show great potential on many applications, including medicine, healthcare, robotic systems, prosthetics, visual realities, professional sports, as well as entertainment. In recent years, much efforts have been devoted to developing wearable sensing technologies. Various kinds of wearable sensors have been proposed and demonstrated in lab, from single functional sensors, such as temperature [1], pressure [2], strain [3], optical [4], and electrochemical sensors [5], to multifunctional sensors, such as tactile and electronic skin [6]. Among these wearable sensors, wearable electromechanical sensors including strain and pressure sensor have attracted more and more attentions due to its clear mechanism, low cost, low power consumption, and high performance [7]. Through integrating wearable strain and pressure sensor with other sensors, tactile sensor [8] and electronic skin [9] have been realized. High-performance wearable electromechanical sensor can monitor the tiny change

Traditional electromechanical sensor is usually fabricated with brittle materials, such as silicon and metal. Though flexibility can be improved by structural design, their performance is still limited. Thus, many new materials have been developed. The materials used in wearable electromechanical sensor consist of sensing and supporting material. Most of the progresses are focusing on the development of

of strain and pressure, which is useful in many fields.
