**3.2 One-dimensional nanostructures**

In the last decade, one-dimensional nanostructures have stimulated an increasing attention due to their importance in research and a wide range of potential

**Figure 3.** *(a–d) Nanostructures of different dimensions.*

applications. It is generally accepted that one-dimensional nanostructures are ideal for exploring a large number of novel phenomena at the nanoscale level and corroborating the size and dimensionality dependence of functional properties. In **Figure 3b**, onedimensional nanostructures are endowed with typical spherical, pseudo-spherical, dodecahedral, tetrahedral, octahedral, cubic, and corresponding hollow shapes. One-dimensional nanostructures/morphologies also include nanotubes, nano-needles, nano-rods or nano-wires, nano-shuttles, nano-capsules, hollow structures, etc. [19].
