**2.10 Reconfigured graphdiyne nanowire**

Nanoscale graphdiyne-derived templates are developed via Glaser reaction/ acetylenic homocoupling to yield targeted π-conjugated 2D nanomaterials which further can be reconfigured as sp-hybridized nanostructure matrixes [3, 24]. Certain terminal alkynes like 1,3,5-triethynyl-benzene act as convergent tritopic precursors in reconfiguring graphdiyne-based porous matrix via mild thermal annealing. Discriminating butadiyne inspires elementally incarcerated graphdiyne reconfiguration in the form of nanoribbons and *m*-*n* nanowires, where *m* is phenyl rings and *n* is alkynes through the recurring backbone (**Figure 3**). Once side functionality gets established in the graphdiyne moiety, it improves its quality in extended polymerize nanowires, which are best utilized in augmentation of molecular electronic parameters. Graphdiyne nanowires in vacuum own an energy gap of ≈1.6 eV; further statistical twisting of phenylene indicated fine changes in electronics due to cosine highest valence band and lowest conduction band viable for nonlinear electronic transportations like Bloch oscillations appropriate in high-frequency tools. Graphdiyne nanowires proffer notable automatic strength and elasticity if acetylene bondings get well conserved and offer constant chemical characteristics. Superior grade graphdiyne nanowires are prepared using butadiyne precursor through assorted tactics, viz. thermal processing, substrate selectivity, molecular designing, surface templating and metal-organic bonding creations. Raw feedstock selection is crucial in reconfiguration of π-conjugated 2D nanomaterials like graphyne and graphdiyne derivatives. An atom that lies on a surface of crystal acts as the reverse of a surface vacancy and is called as adatom, and it can be cited/reconfigurated onto the top layer of metal surfaces, which impart proactive shell seeking the best adsorption molded molecular deposition and distinguished catalytic properties. On-surface acetylenic glacial coupling using silver metal is suitable to get acetylenic linkages in resultant graphyne and graphdiyne derivatives. Copper and gold both are primal metal for alkyne homocoupling with ditopic 1,4-diethynylbenzene as its over-reactivity gives extra reactions. Gold displayed surprising cyclotrimerization depending on the symmetry of precursors like if three terminal alkynes get mutually coupled to form benzene.

**Figure 3.** *Schematic representation of graphyne and graphdiyne matrixes.*

Lower-mobility species gets easily detained onto metal which resulted in side reactions in concurrence to alkynes' cyclotrimerization. Ortho functional groups restrain tangential terminal alkyne contacts which results in butadiyne linkages via weak supramolecular interactions amid nanowires that can influence neighboring molecular alignments. Anisotropic motif in asymmetric 1,2,4-cyclotrimerizations over symmetric 1,3,5-cyclotrimerization onto gold surfaces is preferred to get H-shaped oligomer and intrigue alkyne-gold interactions. Graphyne and graphdiyne derivatives are advantageous than mere graphene for innate electronic features [1, 3, 23]. On-surface acetylenic couplings can expand graphyne and graphdiyne networkings which correspondingly distinguish in intrinsic physic-chemical characters. Linear expansion of graphyne and graphdiyne into 2D graphyne and graphdiyne derivatives is still exorbitant, so strategic halide usages avoid influence of hydrogen abstraction forming hexagonal planes on gold bridging mutual acetylenes. Hexaethynylbenzene is mostly used for getting reconfigured single-layer stacking of graphyne/graphdiyne via acetylenic couplings. Advance on-surface synthetic protocols are developed for graphyne-/graphdiyne-based atomic precise nanowires, quasi-1D nanoribbons and 2D networkings. Porous structural reconfigurations of 2D materials are noteworthy for innate electronic and mechanical usages [1, 3].
