**6. Conclusions**

This chapter is an attempt to better realize 2D nanostructures, especially graphene and boron nitride, and getting to know the synthesis methods and the application of these materials in various fields. Recently, there have been advances in the production and application of 2D nanostructures, especially graphene and boron nitride.

In general, the properties and applications of nanostructures are determined by their structure and morphology. The large surface area, high aspect ratio, and much number of atoms on the surface provide the special properties to these 2D nanomaterials, such as thermal and electric conductivity, lubricating, mechanical characteristic, etc. These impressive properties allow them to be used in fields such as coatings, electrical and optoelectronic devices, composites, etc. However, the low efficiency of the synthesis methods, especially boron nitride, which has an ionic nature, creates some of the limitations that researchers are trying to overcome.
