1.2.3.1.1 Bubble spinning methods

In bubble spinning method, air is supplied from porous surface that is placed at the bottom of polymer solution. Bubble is made at the surface of polymer solution, and jet is formed at the charged surface of the bubble. Very fine nanofibers are deposited on collector that is placed at the top of the polymer container (Table 3).

process was started, a customary electric field was utilized to the gadget; steady vertical spikes of attractive suspension were formed. When high voltage was applied, electrified jets undertake strong stretch by the electric field, solvent evaporates, and solidified nanofibers deposit on the upper counter electrode [45].

In this needleless electrospinning method, stationary spinneret is used for nanofiber generation. High voltage is applied to spinneret, and there is special mechanism to feed polymer solution on spinneret. Polymer jets are formed on the edges of stationary spinneret that produce nanofibers. Stationary spinnerets are further classi-

Year Author Setup Morphology Fiber bundling/

A. In this setup solid porous polyethylene tube was used as a spinneret that fixed vertically inside tube polymer solution was filled that ejected from outside pores by applying pressurized air that formed drops on the outer surface of tube wall. This porous tube was surrounded by circular wire mesh collector. When high voltage was applied, charged drops form nanofibers. When length of the tube increased, production of nanofibers increased by 4.2 g/min per meter length

B. The edge of a flat plate has been utilized as a spinneret onto which polymer solution was set as beads or experiences a gravity-helped stream. When high voltage was applied, nanofibers were ejected from the edge of plates. Collector was

C. In this electrospinning setup, twisted wire was used that was placed vertically connected with high-voltage power supply. Cylindrical collector was used to collect nanofiber placed around the wire. Polymer solution was flowing

downward on the twisted wire. Multi-jets were formed at the wire that produced nanofibers [46].

polymer

Polyvinylpyrrolidone and nylon 6 were used in ceramic porous tube for this setup. Nanofibers were made at the rate of more than 5 g/h

Polyethylene oxide in water at 6 wt% was used in this experiment. Fabrication rate is 0.11–0.27 g/h

Polyvinylpyrrolidone, hydroxyapatite and bioglass were used as polymers. Production was 5.23 and 1.40 g h<sup>1</sup> , respectively

fied into three categories depending upon the spinneret position:

1.2.3.2 Spinneret spinning methods

Classification of Electrospinning Methods DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.88654

Horizontal stationary spinnerets. Downward stationary spinnerets. Upward stationary spinnerets.

1.2.3.2.1 Stationary spinnerets

A. 2006

B. 2010

C. 2014

of tube [2].

Table 5.

239

Dosunmu et al.

Thoppey et al.

Holopainen et al.

placed vertically at a working distance [27].

Horizontal stationary spinneret methods.
