3.1.2 Country analysis

2.2 Methods and tools

Search query for this study.

Scientometrics Recent Advances

Table 1.

3. Results

70

Information visualization is an analytical method which can realize the interactive visualization analysis on abstract data and enhance people's perception of the abstract information [30]. To some extent, information visualization offers a quick independent, scientific judgment of the objective evidences [31]. CiteSpace, UCINET, Pajek, His cite, and Ref Viez 3 are software that researchers used mostly to do information visualization analysis, among which CiteSpace is the most popular one [32, 33]. CiteSpace, a Java-based application developed by Chaomei Chen professor who is a Changjiang Scholar from Dalian University of Technology, can display the abstracted data in the visual form and facilitates further data analysis, rule discovery, and decision-making. It is easy to use and its visualization results are excellent. In this paper, we determined the discipline layout and hot spots about

Search query Number

#11 #9 and #10 283 #12 #7 OR #6 OR #5 OR #4 OR #3 OR #2 OR #1 241,715 #13 #12 or #11 and #8 8172

health OR (electronic health)) title/abstract)) AND ((((((((((Clinical decision support system[Title/Abstract]) OR Health informatics[Title/ Abstract]) OR Medical research using grids[Title/Abstract]) OR healthcare information systems[Title/Abstract])) OR ((Clinical Informatics[Title/Abstract]) AND ((((Clinical decision support system [Title/Abstract]) OR Health informatics[Title/Abstract]) OR Medical research using grids[Title/Abstract]) OR healthcare information systems [Title/Abstract]))) OR ((clinical informatics) AND ((((Clinical decision support system[Title/Abstract]) OR Health informatics[Title/Abstract]) OR Medical research using grids[Title/Abstract]) OR healthcare information systems[Title/Abstract]))) OR (((electronic health record [Title/Abstract]) OR cpoe[Title/Abstract]) OR e-prescribing[Title/ Abstract])) OR CONSUMER HEALTH INFORMATICS[Title/Abstract]) OR ((((health knowledge management[Title/Abstract]) OR decision aids for patients[Title/Abstract]) OR virtual healthcare teams[Title/ Abstract])) OR ((telemedicine OR health OR m-health OR wireless networks OR (vr technology) OR cloud-computing OR (self-monitoring healthcare devices) OR (health surveillance systems) OR (e-mental health)) title/abstract))

PubMed #1 (((ehealth OR (e-health) OR (e-health) OR ehealth OR ehealth OR e-

of hits

41,073

As Figure 2 shows, the histogram denoted quantity of E-health research, and the

line chart shows the literature accounted to the total each year. In general, the quantity of the published literature showed an increasing trend with the average

E-health in a specific period based on SCI and CiteSpace.

3.1 Brief descriptions of E-health development

3.1.1 Number of articles published

Figure 3 shows the published number of key nodes and the influence degree of relevant researchers concretely. Centrality is an index used to measure the

Figure 3. Visualization map of countries.


### Table 2. High-frequency countries.

importance of a node in the whole network. It is more likely that the node is the key point in the network if the centrality is big. As shown in Table 2, USA's published quantity was the most in the top 13 countries. In detail, America published 1158 papers, which accounted for one-fifth of all literature from 2001 to 2016, whereas China was in the twelfth place. China published 154 papers, accounting for only 2.6%. Above countries had the centrality from 2002 to 2004, among which the USA have had it earlier in 2002 and CHINA in 2004. As for the centrality value, the USA, England, and Australia were the top three, and their researchers had a major influence on the field of E-health at the same time. Besides, the influence of China is quite weak because of its low-value centrality.

in Figure 4 and Table 4, the top five authors did not cooperate with others directly. It indicated that they focused on different topics and all of them were leaders in their research directions. Bernd Blobel was the top and he published 35 papers. He works at University Hospital Regensburg. By studying the privacy and security of some E-health system, he could analyze and design of advanced health systems properly [35–37]. Gunter Schreier concerns that using mobile devices or communication technologies provide huge opportunities for home monitoring applications [38]. He found that different types of data acquisition technologies have an important effect on patients' willingness to participate in telehealth programs in the long term [39]. JJPC Rodrigues works at the University of Beira Interior. He mainly studied the application effect of different kinds of wireless sensor networks in the

Table 3. Research directions.

Figure 4.

73

Visualization map of authors.

Research directions Frequency Rank Healthcare science and service 1919 1 Computer science 1904 2 Medical informatics 1439 3 Engineering 1095 4 Telecommunications 411 5 Public environmental occupational health 367 6 Psychology 242 7 General internal medicine 213 8 Information science library science 183 9 Nursing 149 10

Detection and Characterization of E-Health Research: A Bibliometrics (2001–2016)

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.88610
