1.1 Hybrid renewable energy system (HRES)

Hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) comprises of multiple sorts of sustainable power sources, for example, sun based and wind. The principle thought behind the idea of HRES is to give continues and maintainable supply of power to regions particularly far from primary terrains. A HRES can be associated with principle grid or it can likewise be an independent power producing unit, having its very own framework for storing surplus power, depending upon the nearby land conditions and some other monetary conditions. Figure 1 demonstrates the working structure of a conventional HRES with pumped hydro storage (PHS) as energy storage system (ESS).

compared with electricity generation from diesel generators. Ahmad et al. [6] investigated the HRES consisting of wind-PV-biomass as primary energy sources for electrification of a small town in Pakistan called the Kallar Kahar. The study was conducted for multiple load conditions and authors recommended the installation of HRES near aforementioned site on the basis of strong economical conclusions.

Deokjeokdo island (latitude: 37.22°, longitude: 126.15°) is the biggest island in the Ongjin-kun area in South Korea, arranged 50 km far from Incheon ocean port. At the end of 2013, the total population of Deokjeokdo island was approximately

. The island has a relatively large population engaged in

1.2 Deokjeokdo island in South Korea as test bed

Evaluation of PV-Wind Hybrid Energy System for a Small Island

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.85221

5000 and its area is 21 km<sup>2</sup>

Figure 2.

165

Geographical location of Deokjeokdo island in South Korea.

Recently, many case studies of installing HRES at a remote location have been conducted around the globe. For instance, Perez-Navarro et al. [1] designed a hybrid system consisting of wind-biomass in order to compensate and stabilize the power production of a 40 MW wind power plant in Spain. Apart from the main equipment, their designed HRES also consisted of other auxiliaries such as stand-by generators, separate ESS and biomass gasifier as well. The extra power generated by the biogas generator was used to compensate the low power production of wind farm. Borhanazad et al. [2] conducted a comprehensive study to investigate the wind conditions, solar radiations and hydro potential of multiple locations in Malaysia for rural electrification. Similarly, Zuberi et al. [3] estimated the biomass potential of Pakistan and concluded that biomass can contribute to generate almost 24% of the total electricity demand of the country. They covered biomasses such as municipal solid waste (MSW), bagasse and livestock in their study. They also presented an idea of stand-alone power generation system using biomass as raw fuel. Bhandari et al. [4] studied a very classic model of HRES for rural electrification, consisting of wind-PV-hydro as primary energy sources. They showed that installing such HRESs at very remote locations can be economically cheaper than connecting aforementioned areas with main grids. Mazzola et al. [5] designed a PVbiomass based HRES for a small town in India and conducted its economic feasibility as well. The authors mentioned that LCOE can be reduced up to 40% if

Figure 1. Conceptual design of HRES.

Evaluation of PV-Wind Hybrid Energy System for a Small Island DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.85221

compared with electricity generation from diesel generators. Ahmad et al. [6] investigated the HRES consisting of wind-PV-biomass as primary energy sources for electrification of a small town in Pakistan called the Kallar Kahar. The study was conducted for multiple load conditions and authors recommended the installation of HRES near aforementioned site on the basis of strong economical conclusions.
