**4. Program design**

**3.2 Questionnaire**

The questionnaire had a total of 13 questions with the majority being of multiple-choice type which made it easier for respondents to respond and easier for the researcher to analyze. The survey was developed in Arabic using Google Docs

As per the Saudi General Authority of Statistics, the 2017 population of Saudi Arabia is around 20.4 million that the sample was drawn from. A statistically representative sample, using 99% confidence level and +/�5% confidence interval, would be less than 700 respondents (i.e., 666) using Survey System methodology as described in the below Equations [29]. The number of respondents in the study exceeded 4000, which is more than six times the needed sample size. The following

∗ð Þ p ∗ð Þ 1 � p

<sup>1</sup> <sup>þ</sup> SS�<sup>1</sup> pop

where SS is the sample size, Z is the Z value (2.58 for 99% confidence level), p is

the percentage picking a choice, expressed as decimal (0.5 used for sample size needed), and C is the confidence interval, expressed as decimal (0.05 = �5). The sample size then needs to be corrected for a finite population as follows:

New SS <sup>¼</sup> SS

The survey was run over a 1-week period. Over that period, the survey link received more than 7500 clicks. While the total number of responses exceeded 4700, only 4649 were included in the analysis as some of the answers were inconsistent and hence excluded. The response rate could not be determined exactly given the lack of statistics on who really saw the tweet, post, or message. The

The below figures show the sociodemographic profiles of the 4649 respondents used in the analysis. The following subgroup contains the majority of respondents in their respective sociodemographic categories: Income level, 9000–15,000 SR income group (36%); citizenship, Saudi (99.5%); marital status, married (82.4%); and age: 30–39 years age group (52.2%). Geographically, the highest representative administrated areas (regions) were central (49%), western (25%), and then eastern (15%). It was noticed that some groups (Saudis, male, married, 30–39 years old) are over represented in the sample. This is not surprising given the fact that those groups are the ones who are interested in the topic at hand, which is good for the

C2 (4)

(5)

formulas were used to calculate the needed sample size:

where pop is the population (i.e., 20.4 million).

response-to-click ratio, yet, is around 63%.

SS <sup>¼</sup> Z2

*3.2.1 Structure*

*Energy Policy*

platform.

*3.2.2 Sample size*

*3.2.3 Results*

survey and its results.

**52**

Before going into the details of the Residential Air Conditioning Incentive Program, below are the major assumptions undertaken during the development of the incentive program:


standards on the price of the units, and the below tables summarize the price impact

*Energy Savings Analysis of a Recommended Residential Air Conditioning Incentive Program…*

**Increase in price (%) after the second increase in efficiency target**

**Increase in price (%) after the second increase in efficiency target**

on both manufacturers and end users.

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.82634*

**AC type Increase in price (%) after the first**

**AC type Increase in price (%) after the first**

**4.4 Energy efficiency ratio assumptions**

EER at T1 are as shown below:

EER values became as follows:

**55**

0.2% of the years above the T3 level in Dhahran.

**increase in efficiency target**

**increase in efficiency target**

Window 7 10 Split 10 20

Window 5 10 Split 10 18

By using compliance standard EER values at each specific year along with expected EER values at T1 in future years and utilizing the shares of the weighted average tonnage of small air conditioning units, it was found that the aggregated

**EERs (T1) 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025** Window 10.4 10.6 11.3 11.5 11.8 12 12.2 12.8 Split 12.6 12.8 13.9 14.2 14.5 14.8 15.1 15.5

In order to be conservative and not exaggerate with energy savings estimates, EER values beyond year 2022 were fixed at year 2022 levels. Hence, the aggregated

**EERs (T1) 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025** Window 10.4 10.6 11.3 11.5 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 Split 12.6 12.8 13.9 14.2 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5

However, EER values are specified at T1 levels (i.e., 35 degree Celsius) only. It is

Although manufacturers provide EER values of an AC unit at several different outside air temperatures (OATs) including T1 (i.e., 35°C) and T3 (i.e., 46°C), they do not provide the EER value at each and every temperature above T1. Therefore,

known that the outside air temperature varies from 18 degrees Celsius where cooling load is required until extreme temperature levels which could occasionally exceed T3 levels of 46 degree Celsius. For the sake of this study, the analysis will be capped at T3 levels as beyond T3 levels are rarely reached. As an example, the average 15 years bin weather data for Dhahran City shows that only .58 of a day in the year is exceeding the 46 degree Celsius. This can be translated to only less than

• Impact on manufacturers

• Impact on end users

8.Benefits of installed ACs assumed to last for 20 years.

## **4.1 Program summary**


Based on the survey, by the time the program gets into the implementation phase, more than 33% of the ACs in the market would be 10 years old or more. The proposal is to replace 25% of 2016 stock as detailed in the below table.

