Composite Preparation and Analysis

**6**

*Renewable and Sustainable Composites*

[1] Fernandes FAO, Tavares JP, Alves de Sousa RJ, Pereira AB, Esteves JL. Manufacturing and testing composites based on natural materials. Procedia Manufacturing. 2017;**13**:227-234

[2] Fernandes EM, Correlo VM, Mano JF, Reis RL. Novel cork–polymer composites reinforced with short natural coconut fibres: Effect of fibre loading and coupling agent addition. Composites Science and Technology.

[3] Petrucci R, Santulli C, Puglia D, Sarasini F, Torre L, Kenny JM. Mechanical characterization of hybrid composite laminates based on basalt fibres in combination with flax, hemp and glass fibres manufactured by vacuum

infusion. Materials & Design.

[4] Dweib MA, Hu B, O'Donnell A, Shenton HW, Wool RP. All natural composite sandwich beams for structural applications. Composite Structures. 2004;**63**(2):147-157

[5] Mohanty AK, Vivekanandhan S, Pin JM, Misra M. Composites from renewable and sustainable resources: Challenges and innovations. Science.

2018;**362**(6414):536-542

2013;**78**:56-62

**References**

2013;**49**:728-735

**9**

**Chapter 2**

**Abstract**

for a better result.

**1. Introduction**

surface treatment, filler dispersity

*and Sadiku E. Rotimi*

Fiber-Matrix Relationship for

Fiber-matrix interaction at the interphase is one very important property that is of great concern to all polymer scientists involved in polymer composites. Many of the failures can be traced to the type of interfacial interaction existing in the composites. That is why highlighting the factors that dictate the type of and the extent of interactions at the interphases become very necessary. Natural fiber polymer composites have found application in many fields of human endeavors. To continue this growth being experienced, the factors that determine the formation of good interaction at the interphase most be understood, so that they can be manipulated

**Keywords:** interfacial interaction, polymer composites, natural fibers,

Composites have been defined as materials made by mixing more than two chemically and physically dissimilar components together, physically or chemically, to form one new material [1–3]. In a composite, there is the continuous component known as the matrix and there is the discrete or discontinuous component called the fillers. In the composite material, both the matrix and the fillers come together to act as one material. The filler is the load bearing component of the composites while matrix bind the fillers together, which is the reinforcing material [4, 5]. There are different types of composites. These include: ceramics matrix composites (CMC), polymer matrix composites (PMC) and metal matrix composites (MMC) [6–8]. PMC's are of great interest around the world today with notable advantages that include its light weight, high stiffness, high strength and the ease of fabrication [9–12]. Polymer composites have been reported to be in use for numerous years with a market share reported to have increased tremendously in the last decade [9]. This has been attributed to the introduction of environmentally friendly natural fibers from plant sources. The processing and application of polymer composites requires a good understanding of all the factors that governs the relationship between all components that makes up the composite [4, 13–15]. The structure-property's relationship of any polymer composite is of fundamental importance right from their design which includes material selection. Many research have tried to explain the

Composites Preparation

*Owonubi J. Shesan, Agwuncha C. Stephen,* 

*Anusionwu G. Chioma, Revaprasadu Neerish* 
