**Author details**

*Enhanced Oil Recovery Processes - New Technologies*

of bagasse displacement on light oil.

low salinities.

factor.

**4. Conclusion**

further as a surfactant flooding.

**Acknowledgements**

turn will benefit the society.

absorbed into the core, it means that more surfactants were available and capable to decrease the interfacial tension between oil and water; therefore the more oil can be produced by the surfactant injection. Wettability test results also showed that the higher salt content produces a larger contact angle which means the system becomes more water wet. These conditions have made the synthesized SLS surfactant derived from bagasse more dissolved in formation water to release grains of oil attached to the core. From the injection process, the composition of surfactant, with a salinity of 1.5% (80,000 ppm), showed the highest oil recovery value up to 10.71%, compared to the other composition. Therefore, the surfactant concentration and salinity affected many factors related to the performance of SLS surfactant

At the low area recovery factor, the composition of surfactant, with a salinity of 1.5% (40,000 ppm), showed the lowest oil recovery value of 1.80%. At this condition, the value of IFT is 4.11 (mN/m). This value can explain that for this area, they are insoluble for oil and water, so that oil does not move easily. Besides IFT, there are other factors that affect the mechanism surfactant during the surfactant injection process. The other factor is adsorption. **Table 8** indicates the static and dynamic adsorptions of this SLS surfactant on the core surface at the high and the

At this salinity of 20,000 ppm, the static adsorption is 20.533%, and the dynamic adsorption is 29.16%. This adsorption is higher than the adsorption at 80,000 ppm. From **Table 7**, recovery factor of the higher adsorption (salinity 40,000 ppm) is 1.80%, and for the lower adsorption (salinity 80,000 ppm), recovery factor is 10.71%. Due to the large amount of adsorption that occurs on the core, the amount of surfactant decreases, so that the surfactant mechanism also decreases. The lower mechanism of surfactant results in a decrease of recovery

The SLS surfactant synthesized from bagasse with its natural characteristic can be used as an injection fluid in surfactant injection to increase oil recovery for sandstone with low to high salinity reservoir. The SLS surfactant synthesized from bagasse has displaced some of the residual oil after waterflood, depending on the IFT reduction, middle-phase emulsion (microemulsion), and adsorption value. The results of this study showed that the synthesized SLS surfactant of bagasse with its natural characteristics can be used as injection fluid in surfactant injection to increase oil recovery, especially for the light oil recovery. So the use of sodium lignosulfonate surfactant synthesized from bagasse is a challenge to be developed

Thanks to the OGRINDO Consortium Research at the Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB), Trisakti University, and the Indonesian Directorate General of Higher Education Decentralization Fund for PUPT Fund 2015–2018 ITB for facilitating this research. We also thank IntechOpen who published this article, which in

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Rini Setiati1 \*, Septoratno Siregar2 , Taufan Marhaendrajana2 and Deana Wahyuningrum3

1 Department of Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of Earth Technology and Energy, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia

2 Faculty of Mining Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia

3 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Math and Science, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia

\*Address all correspondence to: rinisetiatidgm@gmail.com

© 2019 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
