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## Meet the editors

Ali Sadollah received his BS degree in mechanical engineering, solid states, from Azad University, Semnan Branch, Iran in 2007 and MS degree in mechanical engineering, applied mechanics, from the University of Semnan, Semnan, Iran in 2010. He obtained his Ph.D. at the Faculty of Engineering, the University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia in 2013. Also, he has served as a postdoctoral research fellow for more than 2 years at Korea Uni-

versity, Seoul, South Korea. In 2016 for a year, he has served as a research staff at Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. Afterward, he was a guest assistant professor at Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran for 2 years. Currently, he is an assistant professor at the department of mechanical engineering at University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran. His research interests include algorithm development, optimization and metaheuristics, applications of soft computing methods in engineering, artificial neural networks, and computational solid mechanics.

Carlos M. Travieso-González received his MSc degree in Telecommunication Engineering at the Polytechnic University of Catalonia, Spain, in 1997, and his PhD degree at the University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC-Spain) in 2002. He is Full Professor of Signal Processing and Pattern Recognition and Head of the Signals and Communications Department at ULPGC, teaching signal processing and learning theory since

2001. His research includes biometrics, biomedical signals and images, data mining, classification systems, signal and image processing, machine learning, and environmental intelligence. He has researched in 51 international and Spanish research projects, some of them as head researcher. He is co-author of four books, co-editor of 24 proceedings books, guest editor for eight JCR-ISI international journals, and author of up to 24 book chapters. He has over 440 papers published in international journals and conferences (72 of them indexed on JCR–ISI-Web of Science). He has published seven patents in the Spanish Patent and Trademark Office. He has been supervisor of eight PhD theses (12 more are under supervision) and 130 masters theses. He is founder of the IEEE IWOBI conference series and president of its Steering Committee, the InnoEducaTIC conference series, and the APPIS conference series. He is an evaluator of project proposals for the European Union (H2020), Medical Research Council (MRC–UK), Spanish government (ANECA-Spain), Research National Agency (ANR-France), DAAD (Germany), Argentinian government, and Colombian institutions. He has been a reviewer in different indexed international journals (70) and conferences (220) since 2001. He has been a member of the IASTED Technical Committee on Image Processing since 2007 and a member of the IASTED Technical Committee on Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems since 2011. He will be ACM-APPIS 2021 General Chair and IEEE-IWOBI 2020 and 2020, and was ACM-APPIS 2020 General Chair, IEEE-IWOBI 2019 General Chair, APPIS 2019 General Chair, IEEE-IWOBI 2018

General Chair, APPIS 2018 General Chair, InnoEducaTIC 2017 General Chair, IEEE-IWOBI 2017 General Chair, IEEE-IWOBI 2015 General Chair, InnoEducaT-IC 2014 General Chair, IEEE-IWOBI 2014 General Chair, IEEE-INES 2013 General Chair, NoLISP 2011 General Chair, JRBP 2012 General Chair, and IEEE-ICCST 2005 Co-Chair. He is associate editor of the *Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience* journal (Hindawi—Q2 JCR-ISI). He was Vice-Dean of the Higher Technical School of Telecommunication Engineers in ULPGC from 2004 to 2010, and Vice-Dean of Graduate and Postgraduate Studies from March 2013 to November 2017. He has won "Catedra Telefonica" Awards in Modality of Knowledge Transfer in the 2017, 2018, and 2019 editions.

Contents

Section 1

Patterns

Section 2

Section 3

and Helton Maia

Nelson Obregón

Models and Architectures

Leidy Haidy Perez Coronell

Biochemical Systems

Preface III

Time Series and Artificial Neural Networks 1

Chapter 1 3

Chapter 2 23

Metaheuristics and Artificial Neural Networks 41

Chapter 3 43

Chapter 4 61

Applications of Artificial Neural Networks 79

Chapter 5 81

Time Series from Clustering: An Approach to Forecast Crime

Encountered Problems of Time Series with Neural Networks:

Electric Transmission Network Expansion Planning with the

An Improved Algorithm for Optimising the Production of

Object Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Networks

by Richardson Santiago Teles de Menezes, Rafael Marrocos Magalhaes

by Silvia Lopes de Sena Taglialenha and Rubén Augusto Romero Lázaro

by Mohd Arfian Ismail, Vitaliy Mezhuyev, Mohd Saberi Mohamad,

Metaheuristic Variable Neighbourhood Search

Shahreen Kasim and Ashraf Osman Ibrahim

by Paola Andrea Sánchez-Sánchez, José Rafael García-González and

by Miguel Melgarejo, Cristian Rodriguez, Diego Mayorga and

### Contents



Preface

In recent years, applications and utilization of artificial neural networks (ANNs) have increased drastically. Applications range from prediction of wave energy potential, object recognition, biochemical systems, earth observation images, structural control systems, forecasting crime patterns, time series problems, and training

In this book, ANNs and applicable nature of ANNs and its importance are highlighted by explaining different aspects of ANNs. This book starts with time series problems, describing models and an application for clustering, and then proceeds with the usage of metaheuristic optimization methods for reducing error level a given network. The book ends with some real-life and practical applications of ANNs to various fields of studies from energy saving to structural control

I would like to thank all the authors and scholars for their precious contributions to this book. Special thanks go to Intech Open and Author Service Manager Mr.

Ali Sadollah, PhD

Tehran, Iran

Spain

Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Culture,

University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria,

Carlos M. Travieso-Gonzalez

electric transmission network.

Gordan Tot for their support and patience.

systems.
