**2.6 Complexity**

*Internet of Things (IoT) for Automated and Smart Applications*

**2.3 Treating big data**

generated data.

levels to prevent scams and to allow high level of data protection. As a result, achieving high level of security is a big challenge to get the needed trust from both industries and individuals to share their data utilizing the Internet of Things.

The most important challenge of using the Internet of Things is the tremendous growth of the data transmitted between the connected devices. As seen in **Figure 2**, The basic three sources of data are (1) the database used in the business process; (2) the human daily activities such as email, Facebook, and weblogs; and (3) the connection of physical devices such as cameras and microphones. It is worth mentioning that a full 90% of all the data in the world has been generated over the last 2 years. This makes it more challenging for the Internet of Things infrastructure designers to deal with such growth of the

**2.4 Reducing the overall data latency among machine-to-machine interactions**

Both bandwidth and power consumption of the numerous number of devices that are connecting, communicating, and sharing data among each other through the Internet of Things are tremendously increased. This is why when designing an Internet of Things infrastructure, both bandwidth and power consumption challenges should be considered. The main trend nowadays is to reduce the size of the connected devices,

a robust Internet of Things infrastructure will be obtained.

**2.5 Reducing bandwidth and power consumption**

*The overall world population and the connected devices by 2020.*

While connecting many devices through the Internet of Things infrastructure, the shared data among them will also tremendously increase. This will cause some delay or latency of data delivery among the connected devices. This opens a new challenge to be addressed by the Internet of Things to reduce such latency to be sure

**4**

**Figure 1.**

Sharing data and connecting devices together through the Internet of Things can be implemented through several levels and layers of software/hardware and some standard protocols. With the tremendous increase in the shared data and connected devices, the used software/hardware and standard protocols will be more complicated. As a result, there is a challenge to reduce the complexity of the Internet of Things technology as the number of connected devices increases.
