**Author details**

Mohmmad Khalid1 \*, Prerna Bhardwaj2 and Hamilton Varela1

1 Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil

2 Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India

\*Address all correspondence to: mkansarister@gmail.com

© 2018 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

**15**

adma.201100984

*Carbon-Based Composites for Supercapacitor DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.80393*

> [10] Notarianni M, Liu J, Vernon K, Motta N. Synthesis and applications of carbon nanomaterials for energy generation and storage. Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. 2016;**7**:149-196.

DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.7.17

electacta.2006.02.054

b813846j

[11] Sugimoto W, Yokoshima K, Murakami Y, Takasu Y. Charge

[12] Zhang LL, Zhao XS. Carbonbased materials as supercapacitor electrodes. Chemical Society Reviews. 2009;**38**:2520-2531. DOI: 10.1039/

[13] Qu D, Shi H. Studies of activated

capacitors. Journal of Power Sources.

[14] Raymundo-Piñero E, Kierzek K, Machnikowski J, Béguin F. Relationship between the nanoporous texture of activated carbons and their capacitance properties in different electrolytes. Carbon. 2006;**44**:2498-2507. DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2006.05.022

carbons used in double-layer

1998;**74**:99-107. DOI: 10.1016/ S0378-7753(98)00038-X

[15] Kastening B, Spinzig S. Electrochemical polarization of activated carbon and graphite powder

suspensions: Part II. Exchange of ions between electrolyte and pores. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry. 1986;**214**:295-302. DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(86)80104-8

[16] Mayer ST, Pekala RW,

An electrochemical doublelayer energy-storage device. Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 1993;**140**:446-451. DOI:

10.1149/1.2221066

Kaschmitter JL. The aerocapacitor:

storage mechanism of nanostructured anhydrous and hydrous rutheniumbased oxides. Electrochimica Acta. 2006;**52**:1742-1748. DOI: 10.1016/j.

[1] Kotz R, Carlen M. Principles and applications of electrochemical capacitors. Electrochimica Acta. 2000;**45**:2483-2498. DOI: 10.1016/

[2] Sher HA, Addoweesh KE. Power storage options for hybrid electric vehicles—A survey. Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy. 2012;**4**:052701. DOI: 10.1063/1.4759457

[3] Gidwani M, Bhagwani A, Rohra N. Supercapacitors: The near future of batteries. International Journal of Engineering Inventions. 2014;**4**:22-27

[4] Winter M, Brodd RJ. What are batteries, fuel cells, and

cr020730k

nwx009

supercapacitors? Chemical Reviews. 2004;**104**:4245-4270. DOI: 10.1021/

[5] Turner JA. A realizable renewable energy future. Science. 1999;**285**:687-689.

[6] Zuo W, Li R, Zhou C, Li Y, Xia J, Liu J. Battery-supercapacitor hybrid devices: Recent progress and future prospects. Advanced Science. 2017;**4**:1600539- 1600550. DOI: 10.1002/advs.201600539

[7] Chen X, Paul R, Dai L. Carbon-based supercapacitors for efficient energy storage. National Science Review. 2017;**4**:453-489. DOI: 10.1093/nsr/

[8] Chen T, Dai L. Carbon nanomaterials for high performance supercapacitors. Materials Today. 2013;**16**:272-280. DOI:

10.1016/j.mattod.2013.07.002

[9] Zhai Y, Dou Y, Zhao D, Fulvio PF, Mayes RT, Dai S. Carbon materials for chemical capacitive energy storage. Advanced Materials. 2011;**23**:4828-4850. DOI: 10.1002/

DOI: 10.1126/science.285.5428.687

S0013-4686(00)00354-6

**References**

*Carbon-Based Composites for Supercapacitor DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.80393*
