Meet the editor

Dr. Antonina I. Chubarova is Medical Director of the Children's City Clinical Hospital N13 named after Filatov N.F., Moscow, Russia, and Chair Professor of the Paediatrics Hospital named after Tabolin V.A. of the Russian National Research Medical University named after Pirogov N.I. Her education and previous work posts and accomplishments include: 1985–1991 pediatric faculty of the 2nd Moscow Medical Institute; 1991 MD in

pediatrics; 1991–1993 clinical resident in pediatrics; 1996 PhD in Medicine (thesis: Morphology and function of small intestine mucosa in infants with central nervous system disorders); 1997–1999 pediatrician at City Hospital N 67, Moscow; professor's assistant Chair of Child Diseases of the Russian State Medical University; 2000–2007 associate professor; 2007 thesis: Clinical and pathogenic basis of nutritional support in perinatology; and 2012–2015 Vice Medical Director of the Children's City Hospital named after Bashlyaeva Z.A.

Contents

Family-Friendly Atmosphere *by Antonina Chubarova*

Neonatal Bacterial Meningitis

*by Mehmet Şah İpek*

Platelets in the Newborn

*and Danilo S. Boskovic*

*by Simona Delia Nicoară*

*by Thillagavathie Pillay*

Mortality

Outcomes

**Preface III**

**Chapter 1 1**

**Chapter 2 7**

**Chapter 3 25**

**Chapter 4 53**

**Chapter 5 85**

**Chapter 6 99**

Introductory Chapter: Neonatology - Combining Intensive Care and

Golden Hours: An Approach to Postnatal Stabilization and Improving

*by Omid Fathi, Roopali Bapat, Edward G. Shepherd and John Wells Logan*

*by Ijeoma Esiaba, Iman Mousselli, Giulia M. Faison, Danilyn M. Angeles* 

Parent-Carer Education: Reducing the Risks for Neonatal and Infant

Therapeutic Options in Retinopathy of Prematurity

## Contents


Preface

Maternal and neonatal care technologies have been developing quickly over the last

The reason for this activity is the vast influence of neonatal care on the future economic stability of society; no other specialties of medicine have that influence on human resources. It is not now just a question of saving lives. It is a question of the possibilities of programming the future quality of life, somatic and mental disease rates, socialization, and life expectancy. New possibilities of respiratory support, instrumental and laboratory monitoring, and new materials are playing a big role in decreasing neonatal and infant mortality. The earliest period of infant life is called the "golden hours" because the sophisticated application of new technologies can

Another trend associated with technological evolution is the humanization of care. Creating a friendly atmosphere in hospitals, parent involvement in neonatal care, and reducing mothers' anxieties are simple but effective methods for improving

The external factors that are interacting with an organism can play a role in programming stimulus if they act in that special critical period of differentiation of tissues and the forming of functions. For humans the perinatal and neonatal periods are the most important in epigenetic programming. Epigenetic mechanisms can regulate gene activity and create stability for all future life. The most important epigenetic mechanisms are methylation, histone modification, and miRNA and

By means of simple environmental factors like nutrition, oxygen support, mothers' behavior, and others metabolic and immune pathways can be programmed for the future. We now understand why throughout life the most important period is

This book combines different aspects of perinatal care that can be of enormous

**Antonina Chubarova**

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University,

Professor

Russia

save life and reduce negative consequences for the future.

few decades.

child health.

tiRNA pathways.

infancy, especially the neonatal period.

importance for the health of future generations.
