Author details

Isam Janajreh<sup>1</sup> \* and Manar Almazrouei<sup>2</sup>

\*Address all correspondence to: isam.janajreh@ku.ac.ae

1 Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Masdar City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

2 Mechanical Engineering - (COE), United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE

#### References

[1] Pradhan A, Shrestha DS. Impact of some common impurities on biodiesel cloud point. In: 2007 ASAE Annual Meeting. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers; 2007. p. 1

[2] Banga S, Varshney PK. Effect of impurities on performance of biodiesel: A review. Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research. 2010;69(8):575-579

in turbulent regime. The model is built around the newly patented multiple tube and continuous transesterification reactor. The flow enters the reactor laterally and induces swirling flow. In turn, this results in an order of magnitude residence time higher than the transfer time that is based on the tube length and inlet velocity. Reactive flow at low velocity results in low conversion of the WCO, while actual turbulent flow significantly increases the conversion rate. Excess methanol mass sensitivity was insignificant to the conversion parameter that suggest that modeling can be still limited and suggesting to integrate more kinetics data. This work emphasizes the efficient mixing of the flow, interplaying as a parameter to the additional methanol concentration, thereby avoiding their downstream separation. In closing, numerical simulation of transesterification undoubtedly demonstrates the effectiveness of this tool in analyzing complicated reactive flow as the student faces in transesterification. Still, the process fails to reach completion even at higher reactant concentration and beyond the process stoichiometry. This creates an opportunity in this area to go beyond the conventional methods, such as electrical stimulation or signification and to assess their needed kinetics accordingly. The results demonstrate the feasibility of reactive flow dynamics in capturing and numerically simulating the transesterification process. This work substantiates the practicability of using numerical methods to construct precise and insightful image of the distribution of reaction

rates and associated species to design and develop more efficient reactors.

\* and Manar Almazrouei<sup>2</sup>

\*Address all correspondence to: isam.janajreh@ku.ac.ae

Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Masdar Institute Campus is highly acknowl-

1 Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Masdar City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab

[1] Pradhan A, Shrestha DS. Impact of some common impurities on biodiesel cloud point. In: 2007 ASAE Annual Meeting. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers;

2 Mechanical Engineering - (COE), United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE

Acknowledgements

62 Biofuels - Challenges and opportunities

edged for their support.

Author details

Isam Janajreh<sup>1</sup>

Emirates

References

2007. p. 1


**Section 2**

**Applications and Challenges**

