**Author details**

These global warming forcing agents defined by the IPCC [43] obviously ignore the potent indirect solar influences produced by solar magnetic activity associated with sunspot occurrence. Lockwood et al. [44] clearly showed the relevance of solar activity indicators for the heliospheric cosmic ray modulation potential and the associated cooling and warming of the earth during the past 400 years. The causal chain between solar magnetic activity, cosmic ray flux hitting the earth, cloud formation potential, and mean global temperature has been shown by Svensmark and Friis-Christensen [45] and was convincingly defended against premature critics [46].

There is no need for anthropogenic emissions of GHGs, and even less so for livestock-born emissions, to explain climate change. When looking closely to published scientific data and

• the warming potential of anthropogenic GHGs has very likely been exaggerated by the

Furthermore, we exposed important methodological deficiencies in IPCC and FAO instruc-

from agro-ecosystems. Finally, we could not find a domestic livestock fingerprint, neither in the geographical methane distribution nor in the historical evolution of the atmospheric

Consequently, in science, politics, and the media, climate impact of anthropogenic GHG emissions has been systematically overstated. Livestock-born GHG emissions have mostly been interpreted isolated from their ecosystemic context, ignoring their negligible significance within the global balance. There is no scientific evidence, whatsoever, that domestic livestock

The author wants to thank Prof. Emeritus Dr. Nils-Axel Mörner, Stockholm University, for

inspiring ideas, stimulating conversations, and providing with relevant references.

tions and applications for the quantification of the manmade part of non-CO<sup>2</sup>

emissions for nature, agriculture, and global food

GHG emissions

• eternal climate change, also the present one, is most likely driven by natural factors,

**4. Conclusion**

82 Forage Groups

facts, we conclude that

methane concentration.

**Acknowledgements**

**Conflict of interest**

IPCC and the media, and

• beneficial impacts of anthropogenic CO<sup>2</sup>

security have been systematically ignored.

could represent a risk for the Earth's climate.

The author has no conflict of interest to declare.

Albrecht Glatzle

Address all correspondence to: albrecht.glatzle@gmail.com

INTTAS (Initiative for Research and Extension of Sustainable Agrarian Technologies), Filadelfia, Paraguay
