**4.2. Creating techniques**

**Figure 14.** Reverse scan [8].

**3.5. The design output stage**

44 Product Lifecycle Management - Terminology and Applications

**4. Product design methods**

**4.1. Design survey**

involved in the main four steps of product design.

beginning of the design particularly important.

The design output stage mainly refers to the expression of design results and the preliminary preparation for the following production. At this stage, through the design renderings, dimensional drawings, parts drawings, construction drawings, detail display drawings, structural drawings, etc., the design results are presented in a detailed and complete manner. Through this way, the above design work is closed and integrated on one the hand. On the other hand, these outputs also provide the basis for production and construction after the design phase.

In different design stages and target objects, the complexity of the steps is slightly different and so as the design methods involved. Generally spoken, blows are the common methods

With the advent of the information age, the world has become smaller and smaller, and the acquisition of various information has become feasible and convenient. The factors that people choose products are increasingly influenced by the individual and the mainstream. At the same time, in the whole product design process, each step has a series of internal or external constraints. The design is just like "dancing with shackles." Every involved part needs information intervention and guidance and gradually coordinates, optimizes, and iterates so as to initiate better ideas and works. This factor makes the investigation and research at the

Common survey methods include comprehensive surveys, typical surveys, and sample surveys. The main difference is the coverage of survey samples. When carrying out the survey, The creating technique is an important part to improve the design quality. It is a means to use the multi-directionality, the differentiation, the suddenness, the broadness, and the flexibility of creative thinking to propose new ideas. According to different classification criteria, creating techniques can be divided into different types. Such as according to the personality characteristics of the creative team members, the creating techniques can be divided into open speech and anonymous expression. The typical representative techniques are brainstorming

**Figure 15.** Design survey.

and 635 method. The former is free expression of team members, not bound to each other, and open to freedom. By this free style, the creativities of the group are stimulating, while the latter is to be silence in the whole previous period. Each one needs to avoid mutual interference and privately express their ideas in a recorded way. According to the nature of the creative proposal, it can be divided into active stimulating and passive stimulating. The typical representatives are the comprehensive method and enumeration method. The former uses abstract expressions to let the team members of different professional backgrounds associate with each other freely; the latter is based on existing objects, enumerate expressions and deep cognition one by one, and then use these expressions as sources of creativity. Flexible selection of different creative techniques at different stages of design is needed. As shown in **Figure 16**, it is a passive method by which we can make ourselves much more aware about the design purpose and processes after the relevant technique.

if we change parts of it, including face skin color and facial features and any other aspects. In principle, the number of new schemes is the same exponential power of the changeable part.

Product Design Process and Methods http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.80821 47

Design evaluation is to compare and evaluate the solution to the problem in the design process, thereby determining the value of each program and judging its merits and demerits in order to screen out the best design. The meaning of "program" here is extensive and can be in various forms, such as principle program, structural program, modeling program, etc. From the perspective of its carrier, it can be a component or an overall drawing, or it can be a model, a prototype, a product, etc. In general, the "program" referred to in the evaluation is essentially the answer to the problems encountered in the design. The significance of design evaluation is to consciously control the design process, to target the direction of the design, and to assess the design plan with scientific analysis rather than subjective feeling, which provides designers with the basis for judging design ideas. Through design evaluation, the quality of design can be effectively guaranteed, and the best solution in which all aspects of performance meet the target requirements can be selected among many design programs. Secondly, proper design evaluation can reduce the blindness in the design and improve the efficiency of it. In addition, the applicative performance of evaluation can effectively verify the design plan, find out deficiencies during the process, and provide the basis for deeper design improvement.

In the actual evaluation process, due to the complexity of the design factors, the main influencing factors are generally selected. According to different design objects and different stages of the design, different evaluation objectives are determined, and the most appropriate content is selected to establish the evaluation target system. After selecting the evaluation items, the

As shown in **Figure 17**, the principle sum of the complete scheme is nn.

**4.4. Design evaluation method**

**Figure 17.** Questioning method in general form design.

### **4.3. Product form design method**

This stage of creating techniques is designed to complete the visualization process from design concept to product modeling. After completing the functional positioning of the product, the product structure and the later modeling design become the final platform for design creativity. Therefore, the product design method mainly includes the following three steps.

Firstly, decompose the product into individual parts according to the previous function and form positioning. Secondly, confirm the changeable parts of each shape. Thirdly, the changeable part is changed. Finally, recompose the relevant individual parts into a complete one, and select the best shape you evaluated. For example, a simple face will be a brand-new one

**Figure 16.** Questioning.

if we change parts of it, including face skin color and facial features and any other aspects. In principle, the number of new schemes is the same exponential power of the changeable part. As shown in **Figure 17**, the principle sum of the complete scheme is nn.
