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**29**

**Chapter 2**

**Abstract**

sorption experiments.

**1. Introduction**

conducting P sorption.

Sorption of Phosphorus from

*Augustine Muwamba, Kelly T. Morgan and Peter Nkedi-Kizza*

Studying phosphorus (P) sorption behavior is among the prerequisites for P management in the crop fields. The work presented in this chapter described P sorption data when fertilizer mixture (NH4NO3, KH2PO4, and KCl) was used to characterize sorption on soil. In addition to using fertilizer mixture, sorption experiments were also conducted using KH2PO4 prepared in 0.01 M KCl, 0.005 M CaCl2, and deionized water. The 24-h batch sorption experiments were conducted using a sandy soil to solution ratio of 1:2, and the equilibrium solution and sorbed data were described using Freundlich isotherm. Sorption kinetics experiments were conducted using times, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h. The Freundlich isotherm constant and sorbed P kinetics data for 0.005 M CaCl2 were significantly greater (*p* < 0.05) than for 0.01 M KCl and/or fertilizer mixture. The Freundlich isotherm constant and sorbed P kinetics data for deionized water were significantly lower (*p* < 0.05) than for 0.01 M KCl and/or fertilizer mixture. There was no significant difference in Freundlich isotherm constant and sorbed P kinetics data for 0.01 M KCl and fertilizer mixture. The sorption data showed the importance of using the fertilizer mix applied to the field when conducting

**Keywords:** fertilizer mixture, isotherm, sorption coefficient, sorption kinetics

Phosphorus (P) is applied with different nutrients to crop fields. Examples of field crops that need fertilizer mixture are shown in **Table 1**. Varying nutrients combinations can significantly affect the interactions of P with soil due to varying ionic strength and pH [1–7]. For example ionic strength was positively correlated to P sorption [2]. The specific affinity and the valence of the cation on the soil exchange site were also associated to P sorption capacity [7]. Supporting electrolytes are used for conducting P sorption experiments assuming representation of the true chemistry of the field solutions without necessarily considering the varying fertilizer mix applied to the soil. **Table 2** shows examples of supporting electrolytes that were used to characterize P sorption in the past studies. In this chapter, it was hypothesized that P sorption isotherm constants and kinetics data for fertilizer mix were significantly different from supporting electrolytes commonly used for

Sorption isotherms are used to describe relationships between sorbed and solution P in a given sorption experiment at constant temperature and act as indicators

Fertilizer Mixture
