**Author details**

The indenter acted on sample section, and not on deposit surface, so that values represent only the hardness of the layer and not of the base material. Analyzing **Figure 18a** notices that the microhardness values of the thin layer achieved by vibrating electrode method are close to all types of deposition, but double as value against the value of the base material (ferriticpearlitic iron). Analyzing **Figure 18b** notices that the microhardness values of the thin layer achieved by vibrating electrode method are close to all types of deposition, but double as

**Figure 18.** (a) Comparison analysis regarding microhardness for simple and double coatings using Ti and TiC electrodes; (b) comparison analysis regarding microhardness for simple and double coatings using W and WC electrodes.

The study of ESD deposition is useful for the wide range of application elements used and the multitude of aspects addressed (micronutrition measured in the layer section, internal stresses, roughness, conductivity, EDX analysis, and XPS analysis for the detection of types of chemical compounds obtained in postdeposition and mass and energy transfer analysis, etc.). The chemical analysis of deposited strands using photoelectron spectroscopy reveals the presence of complex chemical compounds such as carbides, nitrides, oxides (W3C0, 375, Ti2

value against the value of the base material (ferritic-pearlitic iron).

Base material 400.00 One-way Ti layer 729.96 Two-way Ti layer 786.53 One-way TiC layer 773.20 Two-way TiC layer 816.32 One-way W layer 754.42 Two-way W layer 818.32 One-way WC layer 976.56 Two-way WC layer 821.54

64 Advanced Surface Engineering Research

**Table 12.** Values of microhardness measurements for deposit layers, HV50.

**3. Conclusions**

Petrică Vizureanu\*, Manuela-Cristina Perju, Dragoş-Cristian Achiţei and Carmen Nejneru

\*Address all correspondence to: peviz2002@yahoo.com

"Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University Iasi, Romania
