Contents

**Preface XI**


### Chapter 2 **Architectural Design and Prototyping of Co-PPGIS: A Groupware-Based Online Synchronous Collaborative PPGIS to Support Municipality Development and Planning Management Workflows 5**

Muhammad A. Butt, Syed Amer Mahmood, Javed Sami, Jahanzeb Qureshi, Muhammad Kashif Nazir, Amer Masood, Khadija Waheed and Aysha Khalid


Preface

and implementation options.

proaches.

The need for geomatics technologies and data products is on the rise. This book provides brief coverage on the wide spectrum of geomatics and geomatics data products and proce‐ dures. The importance of geomatics technologies arises from the evaluation of advanced tools and an approach to providing geospatial knowledge to a variety of applications in‐ cluding decision support. The data collected from different geomatics tools is undergoing growing demand, and it requires maintenance and updating. Regardless of the data utiliza‐ tion sector or the exploitation process, data derived from geomatics approaches, such as re‐ mote sensing and land surveying provide a wealth of knowledge and thus require wide

The scope, application and level of adoption of geomatics technologies provides information about the domain-based inventory of spatial data, products, services and systems available for a specific application. This can be challenged by the need for identification of the stand‐ ards and procedures in accordance with the future directions in the domain of interest with emphasis on accuracy, precision and update. Regular assessment of the level of integration between different geomatics sectors is essential in assessment of the standard procedures

Knowledge-based and modeling approaches help improve the interdisciplinary capabilities of geomatics technologies. Various levels of knowledge can be acquired through geomatics technologies. For instance, remotely sensed imagery and 3D models content management, discussion forms, interactive map displays, user comments and feedback and decision sup‐ port, events scheduling and spatially enabled calendar of events that provides sharing of location information on social networks, and location-based search engine functionalities,

It is not only data issues that are associated with effective implementation of geomatics tech‐ nologies. It can also be the system architecture, including content management, GIS, data, web portal and integration components. Communications, hardware, and hosting. System security plan including system configuration, Web site map design, including number of map views, layers and functionality. Database design, including shared design aspects, and specific domain-related tables. A service directory to support initial implementation and

We hope that this book will provide a benefit to the professionals and researchers in geo‐ matics, as it highlight some important trends that are essential to earth scientists and those who are interested in a more applications-based coverage from interdisciplinary ap‐

**Rifaat Abdalla, Ph.D., P.Geo., GISP.**

Department of Earth Sciences Sultan Qaboos University, Oman

and electronic newsletter sharing, as well as backup and restore functions.

serve as framework for future development of the system.

dissemination for decision support as well as for public access.
