**Author details**

*Textile Industry and Environment*

with reactive dyes.

and in the salts used to standardize them.

the proposed scheme are the following:

decreasing visual pollution.

the problem.

**Acknowledgements**

**Conflict of interest**

in the textile material.

Technology of Mexico (Project: 6476.18-P).

The author declares that he has not conflict of interest.

6.It was shown that the proposed recirculation scheme works properly using water that has been premixed for a period of 10 min, up to four cycles, for the case of dyeing with direct dyes, and up to four cycles, for the case of dyeing

7.Likewise, it was demonstrated that the sodium ion content is not affected by ozonation during the water recirculation cycles. In fact, it increases slightly, due to the sodium ions contained in each dye, both in its molecular structures

8.Some of the advantages of the reuse of water treated by ozonation according to

• Elimination of the use of other treatments, such as the addition of polymers, or the use of membranes that are effective, but at the same time costly, and do not eliminate

• Improvements in the final treatment of wastewater, because the decomposition products of the dyes are more biodegradable than the dyes themselves.

• Reduction of the consumption of water and salts used in the dyeing, as well as reduction of discharges of salts to the environment. These salts are sulfate and sodium chloride, mainly, and are used during the dyeing to facilitate the diffusion of the dye

• The recovery of the salts and water used, by itself, makes economically attractive the reuse of spent dyeing baths, especially in the case of reactive dyes, where the salt

concentration in the dyeing bath becomes approximately 10% w/v.

P. Colindres-Bonilla thanks the economic support of National Institute of

• Elimination of a good part of the color in the discharges into the environment,

**50**

Pablo Colindres Bonilla National Institute of Technology of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico

\*Address all correspondence to: pcolindres@ipn.mx

© 2019 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
