**4. Conclusions**

In this study, the waste of yarn spinning mill and recycled cotton fiber from fabric waste were blended different blending ratios (10, 30, and 50%) with virgin cotton fiber. Ne 20/1 cotton open-end yarns were produced from these blends. The yarn physical properties of these yarns were tested. The effects of waste ratio and waste type on yarn properties were investigated. According to the test results, the dirty waste (blowroom waste and card waste) used in this study showed a different tendency from the clean waste (sliver waste and fabric waste fiber). The blowroom and card waste occurred during the cleaning of the fibers. They contain too much short fibers and vegetable matters. Especially, card waste contains the shortest fibers used in this study. For this reason, the yarn hairiness values are greater than the others. Besides, the yarn tenacity containing 50% card waste was lower than the others. However, in case of the use of blowroom waste, the number of thick places and the number of nep were found greater than the others. On the other hand, the content of the blowroom waste in the yarns has not influenced the yarn properties except for thick places and nep values up to ratio of 30%. When fibers recycled from the fabric have been used, it has been seen that the results are similar to those obtained when using the blowroom waste.

Fabric thickness, bursting strength, air permeability, and pilling values of fabrics were tested. When the results are examined, the use of blowroom waste up to 30% in the fabric has not affected the bursting strength adversely. However, when the ratio increased to 50%, the bursting strength decreased. When card waste was used, the values of bursting strength decreased as the waste rate increased. For the bursting strength values, it can be said that it is possible to blend up to 50% of

**63**

**Author details**

Tuba Bedez Ute1

provided the original work is properly cited.

, Pınar Celik1

\*Address all correspondence to: pinar.celik@ege.edu.tr

1 Department of Textile Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey

2 Department of Textile Engineering, Bartın University, Bartin, Turkey

*Utilization of Cotton Spinning Mill Wastes in Yarn Production*

the cotton fibers recycled from fabrics. Depending on the yarn hairiness values, the air permeability values of fabrics decreased as the ratio of waste fibers increased,

Today, the recovery of waste and its use in specific proportions within the yarn blend is increasing day by day. According to the results of this study, it can be said that the blowroom waste and the fiber recycled from the fabric gave similar results and that the use of the wastes up to 50% did not affect the yarn and fabric properties adversely. It caused greater results in terms of only thick places and nep values than the other ones. On the other hand, card waste can be used in yarn blends up to 30%, depending on the high short fiber content they contain. Sliver wastes showed similar results compared to 100% virgin cotton fibers, as they are already clean

According to test results of the pilling values of fabrics, the best values were obtained when the card waste is used. On the other hand, the card waste has the highest short fibers content. It is thought that the short fibers are easily removed from the fabric surface after forming the pills in the fabric by itself and thus do not

This research is supported by a project (Project no: 15-TKAUM-002) from Ege

Photos of wastes and machines in **Figure 2** were taken by the authors in a

University Textile and Apparel Research and Application Center.

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.85127*

except for the sliver waste.

cause deterioration in appearance.

**Acknowledgements**

Turkish spinning mill.

wastes.

© 2019 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,

\* and Memik Bunyamin Uzumcu<sup>2</sup>

*Utilization of Cotton Spinning Mill Wastes in Yarn Production DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.85127*

the cotton fibers recycled from fabrics. Depending on the yarn hairiness values, the air permeability values of fabrics decreased as the ratio of waste fibers increased, except for the sliver waste.

Today, the recovery of waste and its use in specific proportions within the yarn blend is increasing day by day. According to the results of this study, it can be said that the blowroom waste and the fiber recycled from the fabric gave similar results and that the use of the wastes up to 50% did not affect the yarn and fabric properties adversely. It caused greater results in terms of only thick places and nep values than the other ones. On the other hand, card waste can be used in yarn blends up to 30%, depending on the high short fiber content they contain. Sliver wastes showed similar results compared to 100% virgin cotton fibers, as they are already clean wastes.

According to test results of the pilling values of fabrics, the best values were obtained when the card waste is used. On the other hand, the card waste has the highest short fibers content. It is thought that the short fibers are easily removed from the fabric surface after forming the pills in the fabric by itself and thus do not cause deterioration in appearance.
