**4. Conclusions**

*Textile Industry and Environment*

**Figure 15.**

*water contaminated with RR141.*

**48**

of the compounds during ozonation. Also, a band at 1050 cm<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup>

*Variation of the FTIR spectrum of RR141 during ozonation, between 2000 and 4000 cm<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup>*

formation of organic acids. Additionally, the dyes have absorption at 1500 cm<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup>

*Analysis by means of atomic absorption of the presence of sodium ion during the recirculation of* 

vibrations of the aromatic ring, while that of 1720 corresponds to the vibration of the -COOH group and indicates the formation of carboxylic acids. **Figure 17** shows

for RR141 [15].

C─O bond, and a band located at 1400 cm<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup>

region between 600 and 2000 cm<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup>

of secondary amines.

**Figure 16.**

corresponding to NO2 formation, and at 1620 cm<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup>

RR141 show absorption at 760 and 1720 cm<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup>

, of stretching of

,

, of COO─ ion stretching, confirm the

. The first one corresponds to

, which indicates the formation

*.*

According to the results, we can conclude the following:

	- Elimination of a good part of the color in the discharges into the environment, decreasing visual pollution.
	- Elimination of the use of other treatments, such as the addition of polymers, or the use of membranes that are effective, but at the same time costly, and do not eliminate the problem.
	- Improvements in the final treatment of wastewater, because the decomposition products of the dyes are more biodegradable than the dyes themselves.
	- Reduction of the consumption of water and salts used in the dyeing, as well as reduction of discharges of salts to the environment. These salts are sulfate and sodium chloride, mainly, and are used during the dyeing to facilitate the diffusion of the dye in the textile material.
	- The recovery of the salts and water used, by itself, makes economically attractive the reuse of spent dyeing baths, especially in the case of reactive dyes, where the salt concentration in the dyeing bath becomes approximately 10% w/v.

**51**

**Author details**

Pablo Colindres Bonilla

provided the original work is properly cited.

© 2019 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,

National Institute of Technology of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico

\*Address all correspondence to: pcolindres@ipn.mx

*Chemical and Tinctorial Aspects Related to the Reuse of Effluents Treated by Ozonation…*

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.81468*
