**1. Introduction**

Nap-of-the-earth (NOE) is a very low-altitude flight route utilized by military plane to keep- away from enemy detection and assault in the high-threat environment. This mode is the slowest

<sup>1</sup>International civil aviation organization (ICAO), United Kingdom civil aviation (UKCA), civil aviation authority (CAA) and federal aviation authority (FAA)

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**Figure 1.** Nap-of-the-earth flight.-

but exciting. When flying at the nap of the earth, the pilot flies at varying airspeed, altitude, and- remains as close to the earth's floor as feasible. Geographical functions used during NOE flight,- and this keeps below enemy radar coverage [1]. NOE used to reduce detection through an antagonistic plane, ground-based radar, or onslaught targets. Doppler radar can decide NOE flight, but the aircraft that comes closer to has to be inside radar range within the first area, and- low flight minimizes this opportunity because of the impact of terrain protecting [2].

The lowest NOE flying is by helicopters because they have lower speeds and more maneuverability than fixed-wing aircraft, mainly in the fast-jets. Only helicopters can fly at treetop levels or even below height of surrounding trees where there are clear areas (such as in river gullies), flying under wires (such as electricity cables). Attack helicopters can hide behind trees or buildings, popping up just enough to use their (rotor mast-mounted) radar or other sensors and then minimally exposing themselves to launch weapons. Then further NOE flying can make the escape [2].

**Figure 1** represents the nap of the earth operation. In this, the high-level route and the lowdegree route of the flight served. The high-level path identified by using the radar device from the base, while the low-level flight direction used to fly below the radar. They have their flight course, which avoids the collision with terrain.
