*2.2.3 Acoustics in the Islamic eras*

The Islamic civilizations lasted for many eras and were a mix of religious reverence, science, and art lifestyle. They used the sciences as a base to all their inventions and creations under the spiritual beliefs. The great palace of Ālī Qāpū relieves new challenge of acoustical behavior and treatments. Built in the early Safavid style was the six-story Ceremony Hall (**Figure 4**). The muqarnas and cutout designs function to decrease reflections and act as a sound diffuser for the enhancement of the religious songs without echo, in beauty and functionality. Due to the distinguished advancements of mathematics, especially the algebra and physics, the results are magnificent [5].
