Big Data and Augmented Reality

**119**

**Chapter 7**

*Junghoon Ki*

**1. Introduction**

Pokémon GO.

**Abstract**

GIS and Big Data Visualization

guide to lead GIS people into a new horizon of big data visualization.

**Keywords:** GIS, big data, visualization, infographic, Tableau, Chernoff face

For decades, geographic information system (GIS) has expanded its area of applications and services into various fields, from geo-positioning service to three dimensional demonstration and virtual reality. It is a tremendous progress of GIS since its burgeoning as a combination of map and database. Today, everyone in the world is living, working, and resting under the umbrella of GIS applications and services in the form of navigation system, the Google Earth, GPS, and even

Stronger and more fundamental changes are asked in GIS development when big data emerged in the early 2010 [1, 2] (see **Figure 1**). Characterized with a large volume, a vast variety, and a fast velocity, big data has been releasing the explosive datasets in social media and other complex platforms. Is big data just good news to the GIS community? According to Sanderson [3], there are still some hurdles that preventing GIS and big data from joining together. They are related with big data's unstructured data structure, real time data production, accuracy, and scale. Not only these obvious limitations of big data, it also neglects locations of datasets frequently. Big data deals mainly with information, not necessarily geography. What is a pivotal role of big data in GIS development? It is necessary to take a look at a process of big data production to find out a connection between two fields. The big data production process consists of data collection, storage, computing & batching, analysis, and visualization & demonstration. Among the process, visualization and demonstration could provide an effective and efficient way with GIS

people in terms of new interpretation and creative advertisement.

Geographic information system (GIS) has expanded its area of applications and services into various fields, from geo-positioning service to three dimensional demonstration and virtual reality. Big data analysis and its visualization tools boosters the capacity of GIS, especially in graphics and visual demonstration. In this chapter, I describe major traits of big data and its spatial analysis with visualization. And then I will find a linkage between big data and GIS. There are several GIS-based software and geo-web that deal with big data or similar scaled databases, such as ArcGIS, Google Earth, Google Map, Tableau, and InstantAtlas. For these software and websites are developed based on geography or location, they still have some limits in visualizing big data or persuading people with maps or graphics. I will search a way out of this limitation of GIS-based tools and show an alternative way to visualize big data and demonstrate thematic maps. This chapter will be a useful
