**3.4 Determining filler activity by work of destruction of pitch composite**

The area under the dependence curve of the strength of semicoke samples from composites is an integral characteristic—the work of destruction. The term "work of destruction" is used in the physics of polymers [30, 31]. The work of destruction, in fact, is the energy used to overcome the forces of grip (in our case, the sintering) between the pitch matrix and the filler, so this figure can be taken as a measure


## *Fillers - Synthesis, Characterization and Industrial Application*

### **Table 4.**

*Results of monitoring quality for pitch B1.*


### **Table 5.**

*Results of monitoring quality for pitch V.*

of the sintering ability of the pitch and filler activity. It seems that this definition of the term "sintered ability" has a definite physical content, in contrast to that adopted in coal chemistry: the sintered ability—the property to bake one or another amount of inert material [32].

Since we have a parabolic plot (**Figure 4**), the work of destruction (W, c.u.) will be equal to the area under the parabola:

$$\mathcal{W} = \int\_{\mathbf{x}\_1}^{\mathbf{x}\_2} (a\boldsymbol{\omega}^2 + b\boldsymbol{\omega} + c) d\boldsymbol{\omega} \tag{7}$$

**29**

**4. Conclusion**

**Figure 7.**

**Table 6.**

sufficient condition.

and sintering capacity of the pitch binders.

*The fillers activity by destruction work of pitch composite.*

temperature and grain size of the filler.

The generally accepted estimate of binders by the contact angle of wetting of the filler surface reflects only the initial stage of the adhesive interaction of the components of the composites. Wetting of fillers with binders is a necessary but not

The activity of the fillers with respect to the particular binder is characterized by the adhesive strength of the material obtained after the carbonization of the "binder-filler" system. The activity of the fillers determines the sintering ability

The external curve describes the dependence of the strength of composites on the content of fillers in them. Both step V and anthracite in the place of the extreme ratio of the filler-binder are 9:1, and the strength of the composite is 3,10 MPa. At this stage, the pitch matrix is in the interfacial layer on the surface of the filler particles. This optimal ratio is valid only for the given experimental conditions:

We show that anthracite is the most active filler for the resins under study. Some methods use anthracite as a reference filler to determine the sintering of coal and tar. Therefore, it can serve as a standard of activity in evaluating the activity of other fillers.

*Determining the Filler Activity in the Sintering of Pitch Composites*

*x0 y0*

SC-T 5.4 149.4 2417.5 SC 9.0 126.2 1602.3 Glass 8.0 64.0 646.6 Sand 6.3 88.7 498.1 Anthracte 9.4 315.6 4468.6

**Fillers Coordinates of maximum The work of destruction,** *W,* **cond. Units**

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.82012*

*The work of the pitch composite destruction for various fillers.*

Eq. (7), after simple transformations, gives a formula for calculating the work of the destruction of pitch composites:

$$W = {}^{a}\Diamond\{\infty\_2^3 - \infty\_1^3\} + {}^{b}\Diamond\{\infty\_2^2 - \infty\_1^2\} + \mathcal{c}\left(\mathcal{X}\_2 - \mathcal{X}\_1\right) \tag{8}$$

The coordinates of the maximum of the parabola with respect to Eq. (8) were constructed using the well-known equations.

The results of calculations of the destruction of pitch composites with different fillers are given in **Table 6**.

As follows from data of **Table 6** and diagrams of **Figure 7**, the greatest sintering ability of the studied pitch is in relation to anthracite, and the smallest—in relation to sand and glass. That is, adhesive interaction is the most potent in a pair of pitchanthracite. Anthracite is the most active filler. In this regard, anthracite is the reference filler for assessing the sintering ability of coal, as it is customary in the Roga test [33].


*Determining the Filler Activity in the Sintering of Pitch Composites DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.82012*
