*3.3.2 Multipath routing*

The objective of multipath routing is to provide load balancing and fault tolerance. Between the source and destination, multiple paths are predicted. When the shortest path link breaks, it can be easily switched over to other available paths. This results in better system performance by reducing the waiting time for computing the path at the time of fault. It also improves throughput and reduces end-to-end delay and fault tolerance. Still complexity exists with the multipath routing as it has to keep record of multipath always even if there is no breakage or fault.

**9**

*An Overview of Wireless Mesh Networks DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.83414*

Hierarchical routing protocols show better performance when there is dense number of nodes in the network. This is due to fast setup procedure, reduced overheads, and shortest routing path. Complexity is higher on maintaining the

It is a unique routing scheme in which it forwards the packets with the knowledge on the position of the node which is being communicated instead of the topology-based method. Geographical routing algorithm (single-path greedy routings) finds difficulty in delivering the data, if the path is available between source and the destination as data forwarding with the help of current location information. Data delivery is guaranteed by using planar-graph-based geographic routing

A large number of transport protocols are available for ad hoc networks, and WMNs depend on those transport layer protocols. Till date, there is no transport protocol that has been proposed specifically for WMNs. We know that ad hoc network is also not mature. It also has various unresolved issues. This suggests further research in this area.

Various research works have been carried out under these domains but focusing on modifying the existing application layer protocol by adapting various features

WMNs have their merits and drawbacks too. There are some issues to be concentrated for improving the network performance which include connectivity, radio

The weak area of WMN is security. Strong research is demanded due to the absence of centralized authority or key management for assuring security to

The common issues in WMNs are channel capacity expansion, scalability, and

hierarchy and directly relates to the performance of the system.

algorithms but results in more overhead information.

WMN supports enormous applications which include:

• Information exchange across multiple wireless networks

• Distributed information storage and sharing

for the mesh application layer protocol [7].

range, interoperability, compatibility, etc.

**3.6 Issue in network performance**

*3.3.3 Hierarchical routing*

*3.3.4 Geographical routing*

**3.4 Transport layer**

**3.5 Application layer**

• Internet access

*3.6.1 Security issues*

*3.6.2 Other issues*

quality of service [8].

provide fully trusted system.
