**Chapter 10 149**

Fractal and Polar Microstrip Antennas and Arrays for Wireless Communications *by Paulo Fernandes da Silva Junior, Mauro Sérgio Pinto Silva Filho, Ewaldo Eder de Carvalho Santana, Paulo Henrique da Fonseca Silva, Elder Eldervitch Carneiro de Oliveira, Maciel Alves de Oliveira, Fabrício Ferreira Batista, Alexandre Jean René Serres, Raimundo Carlos Silvério Freire, Almir Souza, Silva Neto, Severino Aires de Araújo Neto and Carlos Augusto de Moraes Cruz*

Preface

A wireless mesh network (WMN) is a wireless network with a large number of stationary wireless mesh routers that are connected using wireless communication techniques to form a mesh structure. Some of these routers act as a client wireless access point (such as laptops, PCs, and smart devices) with wireless connection where these routers attach themselves to the mesh network in order to transmit and receive data via the backbone mesh network. One or more routers are connected to

Nowadays, wireless mesh networks is a rapidly growing topic, but it is still largely new. After being used in military applications at the beginning, WMN moved to civil use and is now being used worldwide as both local area networks (LANs) and metropolitan area networks (MANs). Nevertheless, these arrangements are still 'cutting edge' and it is not yet clear what the most permanent applications of mesh will be – particularly as the application moves from early adopters towards wide-

This book discusses and investigates some issues related to WMNs, starting from a full overview of this system, describing, in depth, some related research and ending

> **Mutamed Khatib, PhD and Samer Alsadi, PhD** Palestine Technical University - Kadoorie,

> > Tulkarm, Palestine

with interesting applications and supporting systems.

the Internet and serve as gateways.

spread uptake.
