*3.1.4 Water availability and cost*

 The amount of water required for the fracturing process depends on the type of formation which is being fractured. The utilization of a huge amount of water is a major concern and the equipment and the fluids are limited on the fracturing site. The widely used fracturing technique employs water-based fluid which consumes a large amount of water, has high water leakage in formation, and imposes high water disposal costs. Besides, the cost and supply of fluids such as LPG, N2, and CO2 highly depend on the field location.
