**6. Reproduction**

The deproteinization of viruses entered the cell starts in the cytoplasm and ends in the nucleus, where DNA is released with a terminal protein attached to it. Transcription of the genome and replication of viral DNA occur in the nucleus with the help of cellular enzymes [21]. First, mRNAs are synthesized, which code for the synthesis of virus-specific enzymes and then also RNAs that carry information on the synthesis of capsid proteins and strands. The assembly of virus particles occurs in the nucleus, where crystal-like inclusions are formed. Several hundred viral particles are synthesized in each cell. The release of adenoviruses is accompanied by the destruction of the host cell. The cycle of reproduction of adenoviruses in the cell lasts 14–24 h.

Adenoviruses can multiply in different cells, including airway epithelial cells and lymphocytes. Virus-infected cells become targets for immunity effectors. However, adenoviruses impose such properties on cells that allow them to avoid destruction or at least reduce this possibility. Adenoviruses produce factors that block the synthesis and expression of HLA-I molecules on the cell surface and thereby inhibit the presentation of viral antigens attacked by CD8+T-lymphocytes. Cells infected with adenoviruses acquire increased resistance to interferons and TNF-a, a potent cytotoxic cytokine. In both cases, adenoviral proteins interfere with molecular mechanisms that determine antiviral effects. Among the products of early adenoviral genes are factors that delay the development of apoptosis. In general, this reflects a strategy aimed at improving the survival of infected cells and creating conditions for viral persistence [22].
