**5.2. Consolidation grouting**

Consolidation grouting is always performed to provide a sound foundation for the seepage barrier of dams (e.g., clay core and toe plinth). The depth of grouting generally ranges from 5 to 10 m. The distances between grouting holes and rows range from 2 to 3 m. A concrete plate is usually cast before conducting the consolidation grouting works, serving as a working platform for grouting.
