**Advances in Medical Imaging Techniques**

308 Medical Imaging

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*and Exercise*, Vol. 38, No. 10, pp. 1811-1818, ISSN 0195-9131

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**15** 

*Spain* 

**Current State of the PET/CT Hybrid** 

**Technique and Clinical Indications** 

Patricia Carreño-Morán and María de las Nieves Gómez León *Clinical University Hospital of Salamanca and Princesa Hospital of Madrid* 

In the year 2000, Townsend developed a prototype that integrates FDG-PET and CT, thus creating the possibility of performing both tests sequentially, in order to obtain an image that is the result of the fusion of hardware of anatomical (CT) and metabolic information (PET) of the section under study (Townsend & Beyer, 2002). Since then, PET/CT imaging has been a revolution in the diagnosis of tumours, staging, restaging and detection of local

Applications have been developed in very different areas such as oncology, cardiology

Therefore, the CT, which was the anatomical imaging technique of choice in the staging and monitoring of the treatment of oncological patients as well as in the planning of radiotherapy, joined the FDG-PET, which is a more functional technique that allows for an early detection of the disease and with which the residual lesions after treatment can be characterized as scar tissue or neoplastic lesions. PET/CT might improve the precision of the initial staging and the detection of residual diseases and recurrences in these patients. This would then optimize the treatment schemes for each patient and prevent the complications of other, more aggressive diagnostic techniques, as well as the toxicity of

The patients must not eat anything for 4-6 hours prior to the test. Immediately after the administration of a 370 MBq dose of intravenous 18FDG, the patient rests for 45-60 minutes. During this time, each patient receives 1500 ml of oral contrast (Gastrographin 3%), except for the studies on lung cancer, in which water is administered as an oral contrast. Nowadays the data are obtained with a hybrid system PET/CT which combines 4-64 slice multidetector CT with a PET scanner of 18 bismuth germinate (BGO), lutetium oxyorthosilicate (LSO), or gadolinium silicate(GSO) crystal detector rings. At first, a CT scan is performed at

(cardiac viability), neurology (Alzheimer disease and epilepsy before surgery), etc.

and distant recurrence and assessment of therapy response.

unnecessary chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy (Beyer, 2011).

low doses and without intravenous iodated contrast.

**1. Introduction** 

**2. Techniques** 

**2.1 Hybrid technique** 

**2.2 PET/CT imaging protocol** 
