**Meet the editor**

Enhua Wang has been an Associate Professor of energy and power engineering at the Beijing Institute of Technology since 2016, teaching courses on internal combustion engines. He attained his bachelor and master degrees at the Department of Automotive Engineering, Tsinghua University, in 2000 and 2003. In 2013, he received his PhD degree from the Beijing University of

Technology in the field of engine combustion, conservation, and emissions control. He received a postdoctoral fellowship at the State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University. In 2015, he worked at the School of Engineering, Glasgow University, as a research associate for one year. His research topics are organic Rankine cycle technology, simulation and control of the internal combustion engine, and hybrid-electric powertrains.

Contents

**Preface VII**

Eckhard A. Groll

**Section 2 Dynamic Models 61**

**System Development 63**

**Engine Conditions 79**

Bin Xu, Adamu Yebi and Zoran Filipi

Chapter 6 **Dynamic Modeling of ORC Power Plants 103** Mohsen Assadi and Yaser Mollaei Barzi

Chapter 1 **Inert and Reactive Working Fluids for Closed Power Cycles:**

Silvia Lasala, Romain Privat and Jean-Noël Jaubert

Chapter 2 **Effects of the Working Fluid Charge in Organic Rankine Cycle**

Chapter 3 **Expanders for Organic Rankine Cycle Technology 41**

Chapter 4 **Modeling for Organic Rankine Cycle Waste Heat Recovery**

Chapter 5 **Optimal Sizing of Waste Heat Recovery Systems for Dynamic**

Emanuel Feru, Srajan Goyal and Frank Willems

**Present Knowledge, Applications and Open Researches 3**

**Power Systems: Numerical and Experimental Analyses 19** Davide Ziviani, Rémi Dickes, Vincent Lemort, James E. Braun and

Fuhaid Alshammari, Muhammad Usman and Apostolos Pesyridis

**Section 1 Technologies 1**

## Contents

**Preface XI**

#### **Section 1 Technologies 1**


## **Section 3 Applications 125**

Chapter 7 **The Development and Application of Organic Rankine Cycle for Vehicle Waste Heat Recovery 127** Yiji Lu, Anthony Paul Roskilly and Xiaoli Yu

Preface

systems for various applications.

ganic Rankine cycle systems

reviews, editing, and printing of the book.

Utilization of low-grade heat energy, especially for medium and small power applications, is critical for a sustainable energy development strategy in our world. The organic Rankine cycle using a working fluid with a low boiling point can recover various kinds of low-grade heat energy effectively, which has great potential for industrial waste heat recovery such as internal combustion engines, combined heat and power systems. The energy efficiency can be enhanced and emissions can be decreased evidently by employment of organic Rankine cycle systems. Recently, with the progress of thermodynamic simulation technology, work‐ ing fluids with good system performance and environmental properties are analyzed. Meanwhile, with the help of advanced software, methodologies for system design and opti‐ mization of organic Rankine cycle systems are developed. Rapid progress in computer-aid‐ ed design and manufacturing technology makes it possible to design organic Rankine cycle

This book on organic Rankine cycle technology presents nine chapters on research activities covering a wide range of current issues on the organic Rankine cycle: working fluid selec‐ tion, component design, system analysis and optimization, dynamic modeling and control, system integration and testing, etc. In practice, these aspects must be taken into account to‐ gether in order to fully utilize the potential of an organic Rankine cycle system. The contri‐ butions in this book have been separated into three sections. The first section deals with working fluid selection and component design mainly focused on expanders of organic Ran‐ kine cycles. The second section is related to dynamic modeling of organic Rankine cycles, starting from internal combustion engines to industrial power plants. The third section dis‐ cusses industrial applications, including heat energy recovery from internal combustion en‐

A comprehensive analysis of the technologies and applications of organic Rankine cycle sys‐ tems is beyond the aim of the book. However, the content of this volume can be useful for scientists and students to broaden their knowledge of technologies and applications of or‐

I would like to thank IntechOpen Publisher for inviting me to be the editor of this volume, Ms. Maja Bozicevic, and the whole publishing process staff for their help in coordinating the

**Enhua Wang**

Associate Professor of Energy and Power Engineering

Beijing Institute of Technology, China

gines, LNG cold energy recovery, and waste water heat energy utilization.


## Preface

**Section 3 Applications 125**

**VI** Contents

Chapter 7 **The Development and Application of Organic Rankine Cycle for**

Chapter 8 **Organic Rankine Cycle for Recovery of Liquefied Natural Gas**

Chapter 9 **Power Generation with Thermolytic Reverse Electrodialysis for**

Deok Han Kim, Byung Ho Park, Kilsung Kwon, Longnan Li and

**Vehicle Waste Heat Recovery 127** Yiji Lu, Anthony Paul Roskilly and Xiaoli Yu

**Low-Grade Waste Heat Recovery 167**

**(LNG) Cold Energy 149**

Junjiang Bao

Daejoong Kim

Utilization of low-grade heat energy, especially for medium and small power applications, is critical for a sustainable energy development strategy in our world. The organic Rankine cycle using a working fluid with a low boiling point can recover various kinds of low-grade heat energy effectively, which has great potential for industrial waste heat recovery such as internal combustion engines, combined heat and power systems. The energy efficiency can be enhanced and emissions can be decreased evidently by employment of organic Rankine cycle systems. Recently, with the progress of thermodynamic simulation technology, work‐ ing fluids with good system performance and environmental properties are analyzed. Meanwhile, with the help of advanced software, methodologies for system design and opti‐ mization of organic Rankine cycle systems are developed. Rapid progress in computer-aid‐ ed design and manufacturing technology makes it possible to design organic Rankine cycle systems for various applications.

This book on organic Rankine cycle technology presents nine chapters on research activities covering a wide range of current issues on the organic Rankine cycle: working fluid selec‐ tion, component design, system analysis and optimization, dynamic modeling and control, system integration and testing, etc. In practice, these aspects must be taken into account to‐ gether in order to fully utilize the potential of an organic Rankine cycle system. The contri‐ butions in this book have been separated into three sections. The first section deals with working fluid selection and component design mainly focused on expanders of organic Ran‐ kine cycles. The second section is related to dynamic modeling of organic Rankine cycles, starting from internal combustion engines to industrial power plants. The third section dis‐ cusses industrial applications, including heat energy recovery from internal combustion en‐ gines, LNG cold energy recovery, and waste water heat energy utilization.

A comprehensive analysis of the technologies and applications of organic Rankine cycle sys‐ tems is beyond the aim of the book. However, the content of this volume can be useful for scientists and students to broaden their knowledge of technologies and applications of or‐ ganic Rankine cycle systems

I would like to thank IntechOpen Publisher for inviting me to be the editor of this volume, Ms. Maja Bozicevic, and the whole publishing process staff for their help in coordinating the reviews, editing, and printing of the book.

> **Enhua Wang** Associate Professor of Energy and Power Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology, China

**Section 1**

**Technologies**

**Section 1**
