**3. Conclusion**

Sarcoidosis presents as a diagnostic dilemma in a number of medical specialties ranging from pulmonology, general internal medicine, rheumatology, and oncology to name a few. The advent of ultrasound-guided techniques (EBUS-TBNA, EUS-TBNA, and US-guided core biopsy of neck nodes) has significantly reduce the frequency of more invasive diagnostic procedures such as mediastinoscopy and surgical lung biopsies (both open and VATS biopsies). Moreover, TBB is rarely required to sample the lung parenchyma as the diagnostic yield of alternative procedures, with much less associated risk of pneumothorax (EBUS, EUS and US-guided core biopsy of neck nodes), is very high in appropriate clinical context. TBLC may be a newer diagnostic intervention being utilized in selected centers for histological

**25**

**Author details**

Rajarajan Anandavelu and Ahmed Fahim\* New Cross Hospital, Wolverhampton, UK

provided the original work is properly cited.

\*Address all correspondence to: ahmedfahim@doctors.org.uk

© 2020 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,

*Current Diagnostic Techniques in Sarcoidosis DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90692*

significantly higher morbidity.

with the literature review for this chapter.

**Acknowledgements**

**Conflict of interest**

assessment of ILDs, but its role in the diagnostic pathway is uncertain at present. However, future studies may shed light on its value in the diagnostic pathway of ILD. It is proposed that expertise for US-guided neck node core biopsy would be an important adjunct in the armory of interventional radiologists skill sets and has the potential to be a safe and cost-effective procedure in suspected pulmonary sarcoidosis. Furthermore, learning this technique to sample near normal-sized lymph nodes would be appropriate in minimizing bronchoscopic procedures, preventing

We thank Mr. John Hudson, the librarian at the New Cross Hospital, for his help

The authors declare no conflict of interest in relation to this manuscript.

*Current Diagnostic Techniques in Sarcoidosis DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90692*

assessment of ILDs, but its role in the diagnostic pathway is uncertain at present. However, future studies may shed light on its value in the diagnostic pathway of ILD. It is proposed that expertise for US-guided neck node core biopsy would be an important adjunct in the armory of interventional radiologists skill sets and has the potential to be a safe and cost-effective procedure in suspected pulmonary sarcoidosis. Furthermore, learning this technique to sample near normal-sized lymph nodes would be appropriate in minimizing bronchoscopic procedures, preventing significantly higher morbidity.
