**5. Sarcoidosis coexisting with malignancy**

Sarcoidosis is associated with an increased risk for cancer development in various organs such as lung, liver, or stomach [32, 33]. Many hematologic malignancies and melanomas have also been associated with sarcoidosis. Coexistence of sarcoidosis and cancer has been associated with a diminished survival rate [34]. Sarcoidosis can present in patients before, during, or after diagnosis of malignancy [35, 36].

The association between systemic sarcoidosis and malignant lymphoma was first described by Brincker in 1986. The author used the term "Sarcoidosis-lymphoma syndrome" to describe this association [37]. It refers to development of lymphoma and other hematological malignancies after diagnosis of sarcoidosis as well as includes patients with lymphoma and hematological malignancies who subsequently develop sarcoidosis [35]. Differentiating between granulomas of systemic sarcoidosis and SL granulomas in patients with malignancy is difficult based on morphology alone. Diagnosis of systemic sarcoidosis is made in the presence of additional well-recognized clinical and radiological findings.
