**3. Making a correct diagnosis**

The techniques involved in infertility diagnosis include ultrasound, computerized tomography scan (CT-scan), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), hysteroscopy, hysterosalpingography, laparoscopy, blood karyotyping histopathology of reproductive tissues, microbiology, serology and hormone analyses [17].

For males, standard semen analyses will be carried out to assess the sperm density, motility, fertilizing ability, and detection of anti-sperm antibodies.

 Computerized analyses of semen (image analyses CASA) nowadays is used for semen analyses. Therefore, poor semen quality or primary or secondary causes of infertility (hormonal imbalance at the pituitary or at the target organ level or secondary hormonal causes like thyroid dysfunction) or even obesity will help determine and evaluate the patient for IVF or ICSI procedures [18, 19].

The treatment for infertility is judiciously adopted by the treating gynecologist at different levels by initially evaluating natural menstrual history of the patient followed by advising the couple to have sexual intercourse during the ovulatory

phase. If it fails, mild ovarian stimulation with hormones will be suggested and followed by sexual intercourse. The next level of treatment may be superovulation with hormonal stimulation and retrieval of oocytes for IVF. The extra embryos or oocytes are stored for future use [19, 20].
